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Lab Exam 2 Functions Flashcards

1
Q

Hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

A
  1. Luteinizing hormone
  2. Thyroid- stimulating hormone
  3. Growth hormone
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2
Q

Hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

A
  1. Oxytocin

2. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

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3
Q

Hormones secreted by the thyroid gland?

A
  1. T3
  2. T4
  3. Calcitonin
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4
Q

Hormones secreted by the parathyroid gland?

A
  1. Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
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5
Q

Hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex ?

A
  1. Cortisol
  2. Androgens
  3. Aldosterone
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6
Q

Hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla?

A
  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrine
    ( both increases cardiac activity)
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7
Q

Hormones secreted by the pancreatic islets of the pancreas?

A
  1. Insulin (raises blood glucose levels)

2. Glucagon (lowers blood glucose levels)

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8
Q

Hormones secreted by the thymus?

A
  1. Thymosin (maturation of T lymphocytes)
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9
Q

Hormones secreted by the pineal gland?

A
  1. Melatonin (regulates circadian rhythm)
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10
Q

Hormones secreted by the testes?

A
  1. Testosterone (stimulates spermatogenesis)
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11
Q

Hormones the follicular cells in the ovaries secret?

A
  1. Estrogen
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12
Q

Hormones secreted by the corpus luteumn the ovaries?

A
  1. Progesterone
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13
Q

Function of the olfactory neurons (chemoreceptors) ?

A

Detect odors

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14
Q

Function of olfactory tracts?

A

Carry olfactory information to other parts of the brain

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15
Q

Function of supporting cells?

A

Support and surround olfactory neurons

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16
Q

Function of basal cells?

A

Replacement of olfactory neurons

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17
Q

Function of primary olfactory cortex?

A

Awareness and identification of odor

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18
Q

What is the function of the lacrimal gland?

A

Secrete a whitish lubricating substance

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19
Q

What is the function of the tarsal glands?

A

Secretes oil to prevent eyelids from sticking together.

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20
Q

What is the function of the tarsal plate?

A

Stiffen each eyelid

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21
Q

What is the function of the eyelids?

A

Prevent objects from entering the eye and distribute tears across the eye when blinking

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22
Q

What is the function of the eyebrows?

A

Prevent perspiration from running in the eyes

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23
Q

What is the function of the eyelashes?

A

prevents debris from entering the eye

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24
Q

What is the function of conjunctiva?

A

Lines posterior surface of the eyelids

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25
Q

What is the function of the lacrimal apparatus?

A

Produces tears and drains them from the eyes

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26
Q

What is he function of the sclera?

A

Maintain the shape of the eyeball

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27
Q

What is the function of the cornea?

A

Admits light into the eye and focus it

28
Q

What is the function of the choroid?

A

Reduce the scattering of light

29
Q

What is the function of the suspensory ligaments?

A

Connects the ciliary body to the lens

30
Q

What is the function of the ciliary body?

A

Changes the shape of the lens to focus the light on the retina

31
Q

What is the function of the iris?

A

Determines the color of the eye

32
Q

What is the function of the pupil?

A

Allows light to enter the eye

33
Q

What is the function of vitreous humor?

A

Fluid that maintains the shape of the eyeball

34
Q

What is the function of the utricle and saccule (vestibule)?

A

Convey stimuli about the head tilting and linear movement; filled with endolymph

35
Q

What is the function of photoreceptor cells?

A

Specialized to detect the presence of light and produce a neural signal

36
Q

What is the function of the lens?

A

Focus light on the retina from objects near the eye

37
Q

Contains a large amount of photoreceptors (cones)

A

Macula lutea

38
Q

Contains a large amount of photoreceptors; located in the center of a yellowish region called the macula lutea

A

Fovea centralis

39
Q

Does not contain any photoreceptors and does not capture any visual image

A

Optic disc (blind spot)

40
Q

What is the function of the auricle?

A

Funnels waves into the external auditory canal

41
Q

What is the function of the external auditory canal?

A

Transfer sound from the auricle the the tympanic membrane (eardrum)

42
Q

What is the function of the tympanic membrane?

A

Transport sound from the air to the auditory ossicles inside the middle ear and then to the oval window in the fluid-filled cochlea; separates outer ear from the inner ear

43
Q

What is the function of the malleus?

A

Transports vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the incus

44
Q

What is the function of the incus?

A

Transports vibrations between the malleus and stapes

45
Q

What is the function of the stapes?

A

Transports vibrations from the incus to the oval window in the inner ear

46
Q

What are the sweat glands in the external auditory canal called and what do they do?

A

Ceruminous glands that secrete a yellowish-brown to gray cerumen (earwax)

47
Q

What is the function of cerumen (earwax)?

A

Lubricates and waterproofs the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane, traps debris from reaching the tympanic membrane and sweeps it out of the auditory canal.

48
Q

What is the function of the Pharyngotympanic tube (Auditory tube)?

A

Equalize pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

49
Q

What fluid is found in the membranous labyrinth?

50
Q

What is the fluid between the bony labyrinth and the membranous labyrinth?

51
Q

What is the function of Perilymph and endolymph?

A

Transduce sound waves and head movements into neural signals

52
Q

What are the two portions of the membranous labyrinth that the vestibule house?

A

Utricle and Saccule

53
Q

What is the function of the semicircular canals?

A

Detect rotation of the head

54
Q

What is the function of the ampulla?

A

Swelling on the ducts of the cochlear that contains receptor cells in contact with neurons

55
Q

What is the function of the cochlea?

A

Transports the vibrations of auditory sound into impulses the brain can interpret

56
Q

What is the function of the oval window?

A

Allow for pressure changes between the middle ear and cochlea

57
Q

What is the function of the round window?

A

Separates the middle and inner ear

58
Q

What are the three chambers of the cochlea?

A

Scala Vestibuli
Scala Media ( cochlea duct)
Scala Tympani

59
Q

What two chambers of the cochlea chamber contains Perilymph?

A

Scala Vestibuli and Scala Tympani

60
Q

What chamber of the cochlea contains endolymph?

A

Scala media (cochlear duct)

61
Q

What is the function of the vestibular membrane?

A

Seperates the endolymph and Perilymph

62
Q

Function of the basilar membrane?

A

Supports the organ of corti

63
Q

What is the function of the organ of corti?

A

Contains receptor cells for hearing

64
Q

What is the function of inner hair cells?

A

Detects sound

65
Q

What is the function of the tectorial membrane?

A

Makes the stereocilia bend

66
Q

Microvilli that project the hair cell; arranged from tallest to shortest

A

Stereocilia

Lab Exam (4 decks)

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