lab #9

Question 1

what is meiosis used for?

Answer 1

gametogenesis

Question 2

what is gametogenesis called in males, and what does it make?

Answer 2

spermatogenesis, creates sperm

Question 3

what is gametogenesis called in females, and what does it make?

Answer 3

oogenesis, produces ova

Question 4

what has to happen for oogenesis to be complete?

Answer 4

fertilization

Question 5

what are created by meiosis and contain half the amount of genetic material as the parent cell?

Answer 5

gametes

Question 6

what is the error where the chromosomes, or sister chromatids, do not split properly during meiosis?

Answer 6

nondisjunction

Question 7

can nondisjunction happen in meiosis I and II?

Answer 7

yes

Question 8

what are the phases of meiosis I?

Answer 8

prophase I, metaphase I, anaphase I, and telophase I, followed by a brief pause called interkinesis

Question 9

what are the phases of meiosis II?

Answer 9

prophase II, metaphase II, anaphase II, and telophase II

Question 10

what are the pair of matching autosomes with similar genes>

Answer 10

homologous chromosomes

Question 11

what are replicated chromosomes that are composed of two identical attached copies?

Answer 11

sister chromatids

Question 12

what is the 22 pairs of chromosomes in humans that are identical for both sexes?

Answer 12

autosomes

Question 13

what is the state of a cell with two copies of homologous chromosomes?

Answer 13

diploid

Question 14

what is the state of a cell with one copy of each chromosome?

Answer 14

haploid

Question 15

what is the brief pause between meiosis I and II in which no DNA replication occurs?

Answer 15

interkinesis

Question 16

what is the failure of homologous chromosomes to separate during anaphase I?

Answer 16

nondisjunction during meiosis I

Question 17

what is the failure of sister chromatids to separate during anaphase II?

Answer 17

nondisjunction during meiosis II

Question 18

what traits come from genes on one of the non-sex-linked chromosomes and follow dominant and recessive patterns of inheritance?

Answer 18

autosomal

Question 19

what traits can be concealed as recessive in females but not in males because males have only one X chromosome?

Answer 19

x-linked

Question 20

what are the variations of genes inherited in pairs from two genes

Answer 20

alleles

Question 21

what type of allele exerts its phenotypic effect in a heterozygote and is written with a capital letter?

Answer 21

dominant

Question 22

what type of allele only exerts its phenotypic effect when its not in the presence of a dominant allele and is written with a lower case letter?

Answer 22

recessive

Question 23

what is a characteristic of an organism that can be measured and observed?

Answer 23

phenotype

Question 24

what is the genetic makeup of an organism?

Answer 24

genotype

Question 25

what is an organelle with two identical alleles for a gene?

Answer 25

homozygous

Question 26

what is an organelle with two different alleles for a gene?

Answer 26

heterozygous

Question 27

how many days does it take for a fruit fly to mature into an adult?

Answer 27

10

Question 28

light brown body color, long wing length, and red eye color is which type of fly?

Answer 28

wild type

Question 29

light brown body color, short wing length, red eye color is which type of fly?

Answer 29

short wing

Question 30

dark brown body color, long wing length, red eye color is which type of fly?

Answer 30

ebony body

Question 31

light brown body color, long wing length, dark brown eye color is which type of fly?

Answer 31

sepia eyes

Question 32

light brown body color, long wing length, white eye color is which type of fly?

Answer 32

white eyes