Lab 4 - Kidney Anatomy

Question 1

What is the macula densa and its role?

Answer 1

Densely packed epithelial cell nuclei along the DCT and adjacent to the afferent arteriole.

Senses Na+ and/or chloride concentration

Question 2

Where are the juxtaglomerular cells located, what are they, and what is their function?

Answer 2

In the wall of the afferent arteriole - specialised smooth muscle cells that contain secretory granules

Secrete renin

Question 3

What are podocytes?

Answer 3

Extraordinary epithelial cells which support the filtration membrane without obstructing the flow of filtrate

Question 4

What is the glomerulus?

Answer 4

A small knot of capillaries and supporting structures suspended within the Bowman’s capsule.

It is the source of initial filtrate of plasma that is eventually processed into urine

Question 5

What is the approximate incidence of horseshoe kidney?

Answer 5

1:500

Question 6

During development, when do the kidneys start to form?

Answer 6

4th week - pronephros

5th week - start of the definitive kidney

Question 7

What are the main components of the male urethra? (from proximal to distal)

Answer 7

Prostatic urethra
Membranous urethra
Spongy urethra