L7 - Sleep

Question 1

Sleep & wake

Answer 1

bistable state

Question 2

Hypocretin neuron location

Answer 2

lateral hypothalamus

Question 3

switching of sleep wake states

Answer 3

due to build up of sleep pressure

Question 4

sleep pressure stimulates

Answer 4

sleep promoting neurons

Question 5

Neurons in bi-stable sleep state

Answer 5

antagonistic

Question 6

Wake promoting neuron location

Answer 6

hypothalamus - lateral hypothalamus and tuberomammillary nucleus

Question 7

Lateral hypothalamus neurons secrete

Answer 7

neurotransmitter - orexin (hypocretin)

Question 8

Tuberomamillary nucleus neurons neurotransmitter

Answer 8

histidine

Question 9

Neurons of narcoleptics

Answer 9

Large reduction in hypocretin neurons

Question 10

narcolepsy

Answer 10

chronic sleep disorder - sudden sleep induction

Question 11

Narcolepsy caused by

Answer 11

hypocretin mutations, lesions to TMN, lack of histidine

Question 12

hypocretin in narcoleptic brain

Answer 12

very low / none

Question 13

Lhx9 function

Answer 13

necessary & sufficient to specify hypocretin neurons

Question 14

Techniques that identified Lhx9 function

Answer 14

transgenic reporter line, in situ hybridisation, ectopic injection of Lhx9, control = KD

Question 15

Optogenetics

Answer 15

stimulates particular neurons with specific wavelength of light

Question 16

narcolepsy treatment

Answer 16

amphetamines, anti-depressants, hypocretin

Question 17

therapeutic approach for narcolepsy treatment

Answer 17

cell replacement therapy using

hypocretin expressing neurons