**L3 - Multi-Store Model of Memory Flashcards
who was the MULTI STORE MODEL of memory developed by?
ATKINSON AND SHIFFRIN
what does the MSM attempt to explain?
The MSM attempts to explain how INFORMATION FLOWS from ONE MEMORY STORE TO ANOTHER.
outline of the MSM
In the MSM, there are 3 PERMANENT STRUCTURES IN THE MEMORY SYSTEM:
1) the SENSORY REGISTER (SR)
2) the SHORT TERM MEMORY (STM)
3) LONG TERM MEMORY (LTM)
Each of these MEMORY STORES DIFFER in terms of their CAPACITY, DURATION and CODING and HOW INFORMATION IS LOST FROM THEM
what is the SENSORY REGISTER? (MSM)
ENVIRONENTAL STIMULI received THROUGH THE SENSES ENTERS THE SR, which is a SHORT DURATION STORE retaining UNPROCESSED IMPRESSIONS OF INFORMATION RECEIVED THROUGH THE SENSES.
It has a SEPARATE SENSORY STORE for EACH SENSORY INPUT - e.g there is an ICONIC STORE for VISUAL INFORMATION and the ECHOIC STORE for AUDITORY INFORMATION
what’s the CAPACITY and DURATION of the Sensory Register? (SR)
The CAPACITY OF THE SR IS UNLIMITED but the DURATION IS ONLY 250 MILLISECONDS
SR in the context of MSM
A SMALL FRACTION of the INFORMATION RECEIVED BY THE SR is ATTENDED TO and SELECTED FOR FURTHER PROCESSING in the STM
If NOT ATTENDED TO, SENSORY INFORMATION IS LOST DUE TO DECAY
what is the SHORT TERM MEMORY? (MSM)
If INFORMATION IS ATTENDED TO, it is ACOUSTICALLY CODED INTO STM, so SIMILAR SOUNDING MATERIAL CAN BE CONFUSED.
STM is a TEMPORARY STORE for information RECEIVED FROM THE SR BEFORE IT IS TRANSFERRED TO LTM.
Information may be RECALLED AT THIS POINT and THEN FORGOTTEN, BEFORE IT IS TRANSFERRED TO LTM
what is the CAPACITY and DURATION of the SHORT TERM MEMORY? (STM)
STM has a LIMITED CAPACITY of 7(+-)2 PIECES OF INFORMATION so information can be DISPLACED BY NEW INCOMING INFORMATION.
STM also has a SHORT DURATION of 18-30 SECONDS. This means that WITHOUT REHEARSAL, INFORMATION WILL DECAY VERY QUICKLY
STM in the context of MSM
Information can be KEPT IN STM using MAINTENANCE REHEARSAL (REPEATEDLY verbalising or thinking about the information).
If there is SUFFICIENT LEVELS OF MAINTENANCE REHEARSAL or ELABORATIVE REHEARSAL TAKES PLACE, (where information is organised in a MEANINGFUL WAY) then the information may be TRANSFERRED TO LTM for MORE PERMANENT STORAGE
what is LTM?
If information is SUFFICIENTLY REHEARSED in STM then it is SEMANTICALLY CODED into LTM. This is a PERMANENT STORE holding VAST AMOUNTS OF INFORMATION for LONG PERIODS OF TIME
what is the CAPACITY and DURATION of the LTM?
The CAPACITY OF LTM is POTENTIALLY INFINITE and there is NO WAY OF MEASURING IT.
The DURATION OF LTM could POTENTIALLY BE A LIFETIME
LTM in the context of MSM
When information in LTM is needed, it is RETRIEVED BY STM and then RECALLED.
Sometimes we CANNOT ACCESS INFORMATION from LTM because of RETRIEVAL FAILURE and so we may need RETRIEVAL CUES to HELP US ACCESS IT
WHAT DOES THE MSM FLOW CHART LOOK LIKE?
see notability
