L2/3 Learning/Memory1/2

Question 1

What is classical conditioning?

Give an eg

Answer 1

2 things commonly occur together
Appearance of 1, brings the other 1 to mind

E.g. Pavlovs Dogs.
Dog reflex = salivation when food touches oral mucous membrane
Dogs salivate at bell, at pavlovs appearance, at his footsteps.

Question 2

What is operant conditioning?

Give an eg

Answer 2

A consequence of behaviour

Skinners Box - Rats pressed lever receive food

Question 3

What is the role of imitation and observation in learning?

Answer 3

Status - crossing red light others more likely to follow
Friendliness - imitation more likely if person is friendly
Power - Children imitate adult they believe are teacher
Similarity -

Question 4

Working memory/Short term memory?

Answer 4

Active neural nodes and processes
Limited capacity of 7(+-2) items
Requires attention

Question 5

Long Term-memory

Answer 5

Depends on formation of associations between nodes when they are active in working memory

Question 6

Memory diagram. How do we remember things?

Answer 6

External Stim ->Sensory memory (lost if unattended) -> short term memory (requires rehearsal or if not it is displaced) -> Long term memory (can then relate STM to LTM)

Question 7

How do emotions effect memory and learning - think arousal

Answer 7

Memory is active best at optimal arousal and few distractions
Low arousal - less detail, more broad focus
Higher arousal - More detail, narrow range

Question 8

What happens to memory with heightened emotions?

Answer 8

Most vivid events most emotional

Heightened emotion, the emotion is remembered > facts.

Question 9

How can memory process be affected in doctor-patient communication?

Answer 9

Attention
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval

Patients rehearse emotion. Too emotional will not take in facts.

Question 10

What is the spider diagram for doctor-patient communication?

Answer 10

Attention to info ->
Understanding info->
Recall of info ->
Satisfaction with consultation ->
Treatment adherence