L1-2 ANS Control

Question 1

Explain steps in basic physiological control feedback loop

Answer 1

deviation > sensor > integrator > effector > response > homeo

Question 2

Structure of NS

Answer 2

NS 
> afferent (toward) 
> efferent (away)
- somatic (voluntary)
- autonomic (invol)

Question 3

what are the only two possible outputs controlled with the activation of the ANS

Answer 3

muscular or sectarian

Question 4

Basic structural difference b/w somatic and autonomic neutron

Answer 4

Autonomic= 2 neuron train (pre gang + post gang)

Question 5

What are 3 advantages of the 2 neutron train in ANS neurons

Answer 5

1. 1 pre to many post (= spread signal)
2. 1 pre = inhibit + excit (complex)
3. enables bypass brain (rapid)

Question 6

3 divisional sections of the ANS

Answer 6

Symp
Para
Enteric

Question 7

What regions of the spine does Symp come from

Answer 7

T and L

Question 8

What regions of the spine does para come from

Answer 8

brain + S

Question 9

where do ganglia of symp lie

Answer 9

close to spine + sympathetic trunk

Question 10

where do ganglia of para lie

Answer 10

close to organ

Question 11

differences in length of pre gang in symp and para

Answer 11

symp = short pre 
para= long pre

Question 12

explain unique activation of symp on adrenal

Answer 12

modified post gang = chromatin cell

Question 13

what are the two exceptions to ‘opposite affects of para and symp’

Answer 13

1. not all organs = dual innervation (i.e. arteriole = symp)

2. not always antagonists (i.e. salivary)

Question 14

Explain autonomic conflict of cold water immersion

Answer 14

Para
- cold/wet face > diving response > para > bradycardia

symp
- cutaneous cold recep > cold shock response > symp > tacky card

= conflict

Question 15

2 inputs of the hypo

Answer 15

sensory + higher brain (emotions)

Question 16

what neurotransmitter is always located in pre/post middle synapse

Answer 16

Ach

Question 17

both neurotrans in average para nerve

Answer 17

ach > ach

Question 18

both neurotrans in average symp nerve

Answer 18

ach > nor

Question 19

what are NA receptors called + types

Answer 19

adrenergic receptors

- a + b

Question 20

what are Ach receptors called + types

Answer 20

cholinergic receptors

• muscarinic
• nicotinic

Question 21

what receptor is in essentially all middle post.pre syn

Answer 21

ach > nicotinic

Question 22

in para nerves, what is the post receptor usually

Answer 22

ach>Muscarinic

Question 23

in symp nerves, what is the post receptor usually

Answer 23

NA>a + b

• except saliva = M