KNEE

Question 1

FAT PAD

Answer 1

Symptoms
- swelling
- pn last 10 degrees knee flexion
- hyper extension

TX
Strengthen above and below knee
Banded terminal knee extension

Question 2

Knee bursitis

Answer 2

Symptoms
Anterior Knee pn
Swelling
Pain with all AROM

TX
Increase quad control without increasing swelling
Self massage

Question 3

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

Answer 3

Symptoms
Change in load
Knee giving way

Dx
Rule out other conditions

Tx
*
Strengthen hip and knee in all rom

Question 4

Chondromalacia patella

Answer 4

Sx
Pn descending stairs, prolonged sitting
ox
positive patella grind (due to cartilage involvement)
Posture: patella mal alignment

tx
Knee brace, quad strength in open & closed chain, quad and ham stretch

Question 5

Patella tendinopathy

Answer 5

SX
pn palp patella local
Pn reduced w warm up but returns post exercise
Increased training load or overuse or jumping
Ox
Pn RROM knee extension
Pn PROM 120 knee flexion
PX
Tendinopathy protocol
5x30-45 sec hold 2 min rest btwn holds
HSR 4:4 tempo 4x6-8 reps

Question 6

Hamstring strain

Answer 6

SSX
Pn palp posterior thigh
Stiff leg gait
Swelling bruising
Pn/weak hip extension and knee flexion
Pn active trunk flexion // sit and reach
Reports tear or pop

Tx
Low load hip extension ( glute bridge)
Strengthen above and below the knee
DL then SL then Eccentic
Running once pain free

Question 7

Meniscus

Answer 7

ssx
Catching locking twisting
Giving way
Swelling
Pn along joint line w weight bearing
Sharp pain

OX
Pos apleys compression and distraction
Pos mcmurrys test
Pn w clicking in squat

TX
Quad strength

Question 8

MCL/LCL

Answer 8

Medial - pn on inside of knee (valgus stress test)
Lateral - pn on outside of knee (varus stress test)

Reports direct contact to knee side

PX
Bracing
Avoid valg/var

Question 9

ACL/PCL

Answer 9

SSX
Ct rpts pop or crack
Immediate knee swelling
Dull pain
Instability with squat, pivoting or side step
Reports valg var movement or twisting

OX
ACL drawer
PCL drawer
Lachmans
Posterior sag

PX
Post op
Immediate mobilisation
SL balance - NO COD
Running
~ 4 phases

Question 10

Bakers cyst

Answer 10

SX
Pn kneeling
Stiff tight lump behind knee
Ct rpts recent meniscus injury

OX
Swelling posterior knee
Full lig and meniscus performed

PX
Self resolving
Stretching
*

Question 11

TKR

Answer 11

TX
Phase 1: ROM - flexion and extension
Eg: quad stretch passive , seated knee extension, standing hip add/abd, mini squat, ankle pumps for swelling
Phase 2: functional strength
Eg: terminal knee extension, PB lateral restraint step tap, cable hip extension, step downs ecc control, STS

Phase 3: task specific
Eg: MD stepping, SLS ball throw, obstacle course onto foam/cone