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Dynamics > Kinematics > Flashcards

Kinematics Flashcards

1
Q

What is dynamics the study of?

A

The study of moving objects.

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2
Q

What subjects are dynamics divided into?

A

Kinematics and kinetics.

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3
Q

What is the kinematics the study of?

A

It is the study of geometry of motion without consideration of the causes of motion or the study of a body’s motion independent of the forces on the body.

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4
Q

What kind of relationships are dealt with in kinematics?

A

Only with relationships among position, velocity, acceleration, and time

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5
Q

When can a body in motion be considered a particle?

A

If rotation of the body is absent or insignificant.

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6
Q

What type of energy does a particle not posses?

A

Rotational kinetic energy.

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7
Q

What do all parts of a particle share?

A

The same instantaneous displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.

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8
Q

What is a rigid body?

A

A body that does not deform when loaded.

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9
Q

Can a rigid body be considered a particle?

A

It can be considered a combination of two or more particles that remain at a fixed, finite distance from each other.

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10
Q

What can particles representing a rigid body have different values of?

A

Displacements, velocities, and accelerations.

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11
Q

When will particles that are representing a rigid body, have different values of displacements, velocities, and accelerations?

A

If the body has rotational as well as translational motion.

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12
Q

What is the derivative of the position vector?

A

The instantaneous velocity.

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13
Q

What is the derivative of the instantaneous velocity vector?

A

The instantaneous acceleration.

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14
Q

What is displacement?

A

The net change in a particle’s position as determined from the position function.

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15
Q

What is distance traveled?

A

The accumulated length of the path traveled during all direction reversals.

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16
Q

How can distance traveled be found?

A

It can be found by adding the paths lengths covered during the periods in which the velocity sign does not change.

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17
Q

Which is greater distance or displacement?

A

Distance is always greater than or equal to displacement.

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18
Q

What is velocity?

A

It is a vector, having both magnitude and direction.

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19
Q

What is speed?

A

It is a scalar quantity, equal to the magnitude of velocity.

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20
Q

How is the position of a particle specified?

A

It is specified with reference to a coordinate system.

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21
Q

When does a coordinate represent a linear position?

A

In the rectangular coordinate system.

22
Q

When does a coordinate represent an angular position?

A

In the polar coordinate system.

23
Q

What are the three primary forms that a particles position, velocity and acceleration be specified in a rectangular coordinate system?

A

Vector form, rectangular coordinate form, and unit vector form.

24
Q

What is the Cartesian unit vector form or rectangular unit vector form?

A

The x direction i, the y direction j, and the z direction k

25
Q

What is rectilinear system or linear system?

A

A system in which particles move only in straight lines.

26
Q

What type or relationships do rectilinear motion have with acceleration?

A

Variable and constant acceleration.

27
Q

What do the rectilinear relationship values represent?

A

Instantaneous values of displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

28
Q

What the first two derivatives of the position vector in the Cartesian coordinate system?

A

The velocity and acceleration.

29
Q

What is curvilinear motion?

A

Describes the motion of a particle along a path that is not a straight line.

30
Q

What are special examples of curvilinear motion?

A

Plane circular motion and projectile motion.

31
Q

What coordinate systems can be used for curvilinear motion?

A

Rectangular or polar coordinate systems.

32
Q

What is plane circular motion?

A

Motion of a particle around a fixed circular path.

33
Q

What is the position of a particle in polar coordinates?

A

The position of a particle is described by the radius and angle.

34
Q

Can the curvilinear motion be represented in rectilinear form?

A

Yes.

35
Q

What defines the behavior of a rotating particle?

A

Angular position,. angular velocity, and angular acceleration.

36
Q

What can a particle in planar motion’s velocity and acceleration be divided into?

A

Into transverse and radial components.

37
Q

What are the directions of the radial and transverse components to the unit radial vector?

A

the radial component is parallel and the transverse and perpendicular to the unit vector.

38
Q

Will a particle moving in a curvilinear path have instantaneous values?

A

Yes

39
Q

What are the values that a particle moving in a curvilinear path will have?

A

Instantaneous velocity and acceleration.

40
Q

What are the components of the variables that a particle moving in a curvilinear path will have?

A

Tangential and normal components.

41
Q

What is the normal component?

A

The force that constrains the particle to the curved path will generally be directed to the center of rotation, and the particle will experience an inward acceleration.

42
Q

What is the tangential component?

A

It is perpendicular to the normal component in the direction of the particle motion.

43
Q

What is the resultant acceleration equal to?

A

The vector sum of the tangential and normal acceleration.

44
Q

What is relative motion?

A

When motion of a particle is described with respect to something else in motion.

45
Q

In general what is the relationship between the linear and rotational values dependent on?

A

The radius.

46
Q

What is projectile motion a special case of?

A

Motion under constant acceleration.

47
Q

What is the apex in projectile motion?

A

The point where the projectile is at its maximum elevation.

48
Q

In the absence of air drag, what is the rule for the trajectory for travel over a horizontal plane?

A

the trajectory is parabolic.

49
Q

In the absence of air drag, what is the rule for the impact and initial velocity for travel over a horizontal plane?

A

They are equal to each other.

50
Q

In the absence of air drag, what is the rule for the range in travel over a horizontal plane?

A

The range is maximum when theta is equal to 45 degrees.

51
Q

In the absence of air drag, what is the rule for the travel time from launch to apex and apex to impact for travel over a horizontal plane?

A

The time for the projectile to travel from the launch to the apex is equal to the time for the projectile to travel from the apex to impact.

52
Q

In the absence of air drag, what is the rule for the travel time from apex to impact and a stationary object at the same height to impact for travel over a horizontal plane?

A

The travel time for apex to impact is equal to the travel time for a stationary object at the apex height to impact.

Dynamics (2 decks)

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