Kin101-test review Flashcards
kinesiology
the study that combines fields of anatomy, physiology, physics, and geometry and relates them to human movement
arthrokinematics
movement of the bone surface in the joint capsule without using muscles (roll, spin or slide)
osteokinematics
movement of bones by the action of muscle
articulation
connection between two or more bones that allows movement of the body
closed kinematic chain
the positioning of joints in such a way that motion at one of the joints is accompanied by motion at an adjacent joint
open kinematic chain
the ends of the limbs or parts of the body free to move without causing motion at another joint
joint play
involuntary movement that occurs between articular surfaces, separate from the range of motion of a joint
reciprocal inhibition
stimulation of an antagonist muscle to prevent action in the prime mover
tendon
attaches muscle to bone
balance
the ability to control equilibrium
effort
force applied to overcome resistance
force
push or pull on an object in an attempt to affect motion or shape
lever
a solid mass such as a crowbar or a person’s arm that rotates around a fixed point called the fulcrum; the rotation is produced by a force applied to a lever at some distance from fulcrum
gait
the rhythmic and alternating motions of the legs, trunk, and arms resulting in the propulsion of the body
Q: The most common action of a muscle during an eccentric function is?
A: To restrain and control concentric movement of its antagonist.
Q: What energy transformation must occur in order for a muscle to be able to exert force?
A: The transformation of chemical energy into mechanical energy.
Q: What is the shape of a pennate muscle?
A: a feather
Q: What information do proprioceptors provide?
A:
- tension in the tendons
- sudden & prolonged stretch to the muscle
- pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of joint muscle
Q: A muscle shortening for protection causes which reflex to happen?
A: The stretch reflex.
Q: What happens to the shoulder joint when the shoulder girdle rotates downward?
A: Shoulder joint adducts
Q: How many muscles in the adductor group?
A: 5
Q: What attachement site do all of the hamstrings have in common?
A: All originate at the Ischial Tuberosity
Q: What quadricep muscle crosses two joints?
A: Rectus Femoris
Q: What is the only muscle that is on lateral thigh?
A: Vastus Lateralis
Q: What action do all of the quadriceps have in common?
A: Extension of the knee
Q: What two joints does the gracilis cross?
A: Tibio-femoral and Coxal joint
