Key Area 1 Bio Unit One

Question 1

Describe the structure of DNA

Answer 1

DNA is a anti-parallel double helix which consists of repeating units of DNA nucleotides

Question 2

Name the 3 components a DNA nucleotide consists of

Answer 2

Deoxyribose sugar
Organic base
Phosphate group

Question 3

What is at the 3’ and 5’ end

Answer 3

There is a deoxyribose sugar at the 3’ end and a phosphate group ant the 5’ end

Question 4

What are the DNA nucleotides in a strand of DNA joined together by?

Answer 4

Strong chemical bonds

Question 5

How is the sugar phosphate backbone created?

Answer 5

When the phosphate of a nucleotide is bonded to the sugar of the nucleotide forming the sugar-phosphate backbone

Question 6

Where is DNA found in eukaryotes?

Answer 6

DNA is found in linear chromosomes in the nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts of eukaryotes

Question 7

Do eukaryotes or prokaryotes have a nucleus?

Answer 7

Eukaryotes

Question 8

Where is DNA found in prokaryotes

Answer 8

DNA is found in circular chromosomes in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes

Question 9

How is DNA found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and yeast cells?

Answer 9

DNA is found in plasmids in the cytoplasm of prokaryotes and yeast cells.

Question 10

What cells have linear chromosomes?

Answer 10

Animal, plant, fungal

Question 11

What type of cell contains circular chromosomes?

Answer 11

Animal, plant, bacterial, fungal

Question 12

What type of cells contain plasmids?

Answer 12

Bacterial and fungal (yeast only)

Question 13

Explain the organisation of DNA

Answer 13

DNA is tightly coiled and packaged with associated histone proteins