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History topic 2 > Kennedy's new frontier > Flashcards

Kennedy's new frontier Flashcards

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1
Q

What did JFK ask congress for legislation on

A

New department of urban affairs
Unemployment schemes
Rise in minimum wage
Federal financial aid
Elderly health insurance
Tax cuts

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2
Q

What two acts did JFK pass to help unemployed people

A

Area redevelopment act 1961
Development training act 1962

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3
Q

What did the area redevelopment act do

A

allocated $394 million to stimulate the private sector and create new jobs

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4
Q

Why was the area redevelopment ineffective

A

Poorly funded
Only created 26,000 jobs
Wasn’t reauthorised 1963

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5
Q

What did the development and training act 1962 do

A

endeavored to train and retrain thousands of workers unemployed because of automation and technological change

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6
Q

How many people were trained by the development and training act 1962

A

12,000 trainees

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7
Q

What did the 1961 social security act do

A

made insurance benefits payable to men at age 62

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8
Q

Who did the 1961 social security ac help

A

The elderly and the disabled

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9
Q

What was the minimum wage raised to due to the 1961 min wage act

A

0.25-1.25

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10
Q

How many more workers did the minimum wage act cover 1961

A

3.6 million

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11
Q

What did the food and agriculture act 1961 do

A

Gave federal subsidies to farmers

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12
Q

What sort of subsidies did farmers receive from the food and agriculture act 1961

A

urban renewal
public housing
authorised low interest loans

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13
Q

Why were kennedys legislation considered unmpressive

A

failed to get congressional support

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14
Q

What bills were rejected by congress in Kennedys period

A

1961 Financial aid for elementary and secondary education
1963 senior citizens healthcare
1961 and 1961 departments of urban affairs
1963 tax cuts

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15
Q

What bill was stuck in congress across Kennedys entire period

A

Civil Rights Bill

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16
Q

Why was Kennedys administration a disaster

A

Congress was dominated by republicans and southern democrats who opposed federal expenditure
Congressmen representing rural areas opposed big city expenditure
JFK disliked congressional bargaining

17
Q

What did the peace corps do for young people

A

Allowed Americans to fulfil their responsibility to world development

18
Q

What did the peace corps do

A

Sent young volunteers to help poorer nations

19
Q

What percentage of volunteers failed the programme

A

22%

20
Q

What were the peace corps labelled

A

Kennedy’s kiddie korps

21
Q

What percentage of US citzens approved of the peace corps

A

71%

22
Q

When did the USSR send sputnik into space

A

October 1957

23
Q

When did Yuri Gagarin orbit the earth

A

April 1961

24
Q

When did the US supported invasion of Cuba fail

A

April 1961

25
Q

What did JFK declare about the space race

A

He wanted a man on the moon by the end of the 60s

26
Q

1965 What percentage of US citzens favoured the moon project

A

58%

27
Q

Why was the US concerned about cuba early 60s

A

Fidel castro’s 1959 rev led to the establishment of a commie government

28
Q

What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?

A

A failed CIA-led operation in which Cuban exiles attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro.

29
Q

Why did the Bay of Pigs invasion fail?

A

Poor planning, lack of air support, and underestimating Castro’s forces.

30
Q

How did the Bay of Pigs invasion impact Kennedy’s presidency?

A

It was a major embarrassment for Kennedy, strengthening Castro’s position and pushing Cuba closer to the Soviet Union.

31
Q

How did the Cuban Missile Crisis impact US-Soviet relation

A

It led to the establishment of a direct hotline between Washington and Moscow to improve communication during crises.

32
Q

What were the key aims of Kennedy’s New Frontier

A

Improve education, health care, civil rights, and stimulate economic growth.

33
Q

What was the Housing Act of 1961?

A

A law that provided $5 billion for urban renewal and affordable housing projects.

34
Q

How did JFK address hunger and malnutrition?

A

Expanded federal food distribution programs to low-income families.

35
Q

What action did JFK take during the Freedom Rides (1961)?

A

Sent federal marshals to protect Freedom Riders from violence.

36
Q

What was the significance of JFK’s civil rights speech in 1963?

A

He declared civil rights a moral issue and introduced a bill to end segregation in public facilities.

37
Q

How did JFK initially approach civil rights issues?

A

Initially cautious to avoid alienating southern democrats
Took stronger action in 1963

History topic 2 (4 decks)

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