Kennedy's new frontier Flashcards
What did JFK ask congress for legislation on
New department of urban affairs
Unemployment schemes
Rise in minimum wage
Federal financial aid
Elderly health insurance
Tax cuts
What two acts did JFK pass to help unemployed people
Area redevelopment act 1961
Development training act 1962
What did the area redevelopment act do
allocated $394 million to stimulate the private sector and create new jobs
Why was the area redevelopment ineffective
Poorly funded
Only created 26,000 jobs
Wasn’t reauthorised 1963
What did the development and training act 1962 do
endeavored to train and retrain thousands of workers unemployed because of automation and technological change
How many people were trained by the development and training act 1962
12,000 trainees
What did the 1961 social security act do
made insurance benefits payable to men at age 62
Who did the 1961 social security ac help
The elderly and the disabled
What was the minimum wage raised to due to the 1961 min wage act
0.25-1.25
How many more workers did the minimum wage act cover 1961
3.6 million
What did the food and agriculture act 1961 do
Gave federal subsidies to farmers
What sort of subsidies did farmers receive from the food and agriculture act 1961
urban renewal
public housing
authorised low interest loans
Why were kennedys legislation considered unmpressive
failed to get congressional support
What bills were rejected by congress in Kennedys period
1961 Financial aid for elementary and secondary education
1963 senior citizens healthcare
1961 and 1961 departments of urban affairs
1963 tax cuts
What bill was stuck in congress across Kennedys entire period
Civil Rights Bill
Why was Kennedys administration a disaster
Congress was dominated by republicans and southern democrats who opposed federal expenditure
Congressmen representing rural areas opposed big city expenditure
JFK disliked congressional bargaining
What did the peace corps do for young people
Allowed Americans to fulfil their responsibility to world development
What did the peace corps do
Sent young volunteers to help poorer nations
What percentage of volunteers failed the programme
22%
What were the peace corps labelled
Kennedy’s kiddie korps
What percentage of US citzens approved of the peace corps
71%
When did the USSR send sputnik into space
October 1957
When did Yuri Gagarin orbit the earth
April 1961
When did the US supported invasion of Cuba fail
April 1961
What did JFK declare about the space race
He wanted a man on the moon by the end of the 60s
1965 What percentage of US citzens favoured the moon project
58%
Why was the US concerned about cuba early 60s
Fidel castro’s 1959 rev led to the establishment of a commie government
What was the Bay of Pigs invasion?
A failed CIA-led operation in which Cuban exiles attempted to overthrow Fidel Castro.
Why did the Bay of Pigs invasion fail?
Poor planning, lack of air support, and underestimating Castro’s forces.
How did the Bay of Pigs invasion impact Kennedy’s presidency?
It was a major embarrassment for Kennedy, strengthening Castro’s position and pushing Cuba closer to the Soviet Union.
How did the Cuban Missile Crisis impact US-Soviet relation
It led to the establishment of a direct hotline between Washington and Moscow to improve communication during crises.
What were the key aims of Kennedy’s New Frontier
Improve education, health care, civil rights, and stimulate economic growth.
What was the Housing Act of 1961?
A law that provided $5 billion for urban renewal and affordable housing projects.
How did JFK address hunger and malnutrition?
Expanded federal food distribution programs to low-income families.
What action did JFK take during the Freedom Rides (1961)?
Sent federal marshals to protect Freedom Riders from violence.
What was the significance of JFK’s civil rights speech in 1963?
He declared civil rights a moral issue and introduced a bill to end segregation in public facilities.
How did JFK initially approach civil rights issues?
Initially cautious to avoid alienating southern democrats
Took stronger action in 1963
