Kapitel 7 - Genetik Flashcards by Ida Kristine Irgens Bækkel

Q

Hvad står DNA for?

A

Deoxyribonukleinsyre

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Q

Årstal for opdagelse ar DNA’s struktur?

A

1953

James watson & Francis crick

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Q

Fænotyper?

A

Fremtoningspræg

Eks. Runde rynkede ærter

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Q

Antal kromosomer i kønsceller?

A

23

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Q

Antal kromosomer i krop?

A

46

Komplet genetisk info

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Q

Genomet?

A

Betegnelse for individets samlede gener

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Q

Kønskromosomer?

A

1 par kromosomer som bestemmer kønnet

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Q

Autosomer?

A

De kromosomer som ikke er kønskromosomer. 22 par

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Q

Kvindens kønskromosomer?

A

XX

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Q

Mandens kønskromosomer?

A

XY

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Q

Homolog?

A

Har arveanlæg for samme egenskaber

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Q

Heterologe?

A

Kønskromosomer har forskellige egenskaber

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Q

Locus?

A

Specifik placering af gen på kromosom

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Q

Grundlæggelse for mendelske arvelove?

A

1860, Gregor mendel

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Q

Parental / P?

A

Forældregeneration til forsøget

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Q

Reccitivt gen?

A

Egenskaber kan nedarves uden at komme til udtryk

Eks. De rynkede ærter sprang en generation over

Q

Hvordan angives dominante gener?

A

Store bogstaver

Q

Hvordan angives recessive gener?

A

Små bogstaver

Q

Homozygot?

A

To ens alleler

Q

Heterozygot?

A

To forskellige alleler

Q

Alleler

A

Bestemt udgave af et gen

Q

Mendels 1. Lov

A

Allele gener adskilles ved kønscelledannelsen

Q

Mendels 2. Lov

A

Ikke-allele gener rekombineres frit ved kønscelledannelsen

Q

Rene linjer?

A

Indavl gennem 7 generationer på planter

20 generationer på dyr

Monogen sygdom

Mutation i et enkelt gen, som leder til en sygdom