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Ocular Disease > jwlefhweipf > Flashcards

jwlefhweipf Flashcards

1
Q

Toward the front

A

Anterior/ventral

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2
Q

Toward the back

A

posterior/dorsal

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3
Q

toward the head

A

superior/cranial

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4
Q

Away from the head

A

inferior/caudal

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5
Q

toward the midline

A

medial

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6
Q

away from the midline

A

lateral

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7
Q

near the point of origin

A

proximal

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8
Q

away from the point of origin

A

Distal

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9
Q

vertical plane running
from anterior to posterior
locations, dividing the structure
into right and left sides.

A

sagittal

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10
Q

sagittal plane through
the midline, dividing the structure
into right and left halves.

A

midsagittal

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11
Q

vertical plane
running from side to side, dividing
the structure into anterior and
posterior parts.

A

coronal/frontal

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12
Q

horizontal plane dividing
the structure into superior and
inferior parts.

A

transverse

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13
Q

a form of
sheets of epithelial cells that either
cover the external surface of a
structure or that line a cavity.

A

epithelial tissue

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14
Q

can be classified according to
the manner of secretion

A

glands

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15
Q

glands that secrete into a duct

A

exocrine

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16
Q

glands that secrete directly into
the bloodstream

A

endocrine

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17
Q

structure and
support and is a “space filler” for
areas not occupied by other tissue.
It consists of cells, fibers, and
ground substance (Matrix).

A

connective tissue

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18
Q

Eyelid area

a spot of skin color change

A

Macule

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19
Q

Eyelid area

Solid, raise spot

A

Papule

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20
Q

Eyelid area

Blister filled with serous fluid

A

Vesicle

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21
Q

Eyelid area

Large blister

A

Bulla

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22
Q

Eyelid area

pus-filled blister

A

pustule

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23
Q

Eyelid area

scaling from
accumulated keratinizing cells

A

Keratosis

24
Q

Eyelid area

scaly crust on a red base

A

eczema

25
Q

Eyelid area

excoriated epidermal
defect

A

erosion

26
Q

Eyelid area

Epidermal erosion with
deeper tissue loss.

A

ulcer

27
Q

Eyelid area

focal or diffuse dilatation of the subepithelial plexus of conjunctival blood vessels, usually with increased blood flow; other changes include fusiform vascular dilation, saccular aneurysms, petechiae, and intra conjunctival hemorrhage

A

Hyperiemia

28
Q

5 structural planes of the eyelid

A

(1) the skin and subcutaneous fascia
(2) the protractors of the eyelid
(3) the orbital septum
(4) the retractors of the eyelids
(5) the tarsi and conjunctiva

29
Q

marks junction of skin and conjunctiva

A

grey line

30
Q

a localized area of colour change without infiltration or elevation. A macule may be pigmented (freckle), hypopigmented (vitiligo) or erythematous (capillary haemangioma).

A

Macule

31
Q

a small solid elevation of skin which may be flat- topped or dome shaped.

A

papule

32
Q

a small circumscribed lesion containing fluid.

A

vesicle

33
Q

a collection of pus

A

pustule

34
Q

a dried skin exudate

A

crust

35
Q

a solid area of raised skin

A

nodulen

36
Q

odule consisting of an epithelial-lined cavity filled with fluid or semi solif material

A

cyst

37
Q

a palpable, shallow elevation of the
skin, usually more than 2 cm in diameter.

A

plaque

38
Q

thickening of the horny layer keratin in
the form of readily detached fragments.

A

scale

39
Q

a tag-like projection from the skin
surface.

A

Papilloma

40
Q

a circumscribed area of skin loss that extends through the epidermis into the dermis.

A

ulcer

41
Q

an increase in thickness of
the keratin layer and appears clinically as scaly skin. Hyperkeratosis may be a feature of both benign and malignant epithelial tumours.

A

hyperkeratosis

42
Q

thickening of the squamous cell
layer.

A

acanthosis

43
Q

an alteration of the size, morphology and organization of cellular components of a tissue. There is disturbance of normally structured and recognized layers of tissue (e.g. loss of cell polarity.)

A

dysplasia

44
Q

keratinization other than on the
surface

A

dyskeratosis

45
Q

retention of nuclei into the
keratin layer

A

parakeratosis

46
Q

exhibits dysplastic changes
throughout the thickness of the epidermis and
marked hyperkeratosis;

A

carcinoma in situ (intraepidermal carcinoma, Bowen disease)

47
Q

gradual deterioration of organs and cells along with loss of function

A

degenerative

48
Q

-abnormal or anomalous formation of structure; deformity

A

malformation

49
Q

deviation or departure from the normal or common order, form, or rule

A

anomalies

50
Q

reaction to an injury or infection where a part become reddened,
swollen, hot painful, dolor (pain, redness (rubor), swelling (tumor), heat (calor), function laesa (loss of function)

A

inflammations

51
Q

Signs and symptoms of inflammation

A

reddened
swollen
hot painful
dolor (rubor)
swelling (tumor)
heat (calor)

52
Q

folds symetrically distributed bet upper & lower lids, common in caucasian

A

palpebralis

53
Q

folds originate fr the medial aspect of upper lids & extends medially. Common in orientals

A

tarsalis

54
Q

assoc w/ blepharophimosis syndrome, folds starts in the lower lid & extends upward to the medial cantus

A

Inversus

55
Q

*Increased distance between the medial canthus as a result of
an abnormal long medial canthus
*Often confused w/ hypertelorism (where there is a wide
separation of the orbits)
*TREATMENT involves surgical intervention.

A

Ocular Disease (1 decks)

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