Joints

Question 1

What is a herniated discs

Answer 1

When the Nucleus Pulposus herniates(breaks through the Anulus Fibrosis

Question 2

What is the Anulus fibrosis?

Answer 2

Tough outer layer of fibrocartilage. Surrounds the nucleus pulposus

An example sentence: The anulus fibrosis provides structural support to the intervertebral disc.

Question 3

What is the Nucleus pulposus?

Answer 3

Gelatinous core that helps with shock absorption and reduces compressive loads

An example sentence: The nucleus pulposus acts as a cushion between vertebrae.

Question 4

What is the Glenoid Labrum?
What’s the function?

Answer 4

Ligament that stabilizes shoulder joint and AC joint, and prevent humeral head moving Superiorly

Fibrocartilage that surrounds glenoid cavity, increases surface area around ball & socket joint, creates larger/ deeper ‘socket’ for humeral head to fit into

Question 5

What ligaments stabilize the shoulder joint

Answer 5

3 ligaments:
Coraco-acromial ligament, Acromioclavicular ligament, Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 6

What type of joint is the elbow joint?

Answer 6

Hinge Joint - Diarthroidal joint (free movement)

Elbow Joint: Hinge Joint - Diarthroidal joint (free movement)

Question 7

What ligament binds the radius to the ulna and allows rotation?

Answer 7

Annular ligament

Ligaments that stabilize the elbow
- Annular ligament-Binds radius to ulna, Allows rotation

Question 8

Which ligament stabilizes the lateral side of the elbow?

Answer 8

Radial collateral ligament

Ligaments that stabilize the elbow
- Radial collateral ligament-stabilize lateral side of elbow

Question 9

Which ligament stabilizes the medial side of the elbow?

Answer 9

Ulnar collateral ligament

Ligaments that stabilize the elbow
- Annular ligament - Ulnar collateral ligament-stabilize medial side of elbow

Question 10

What type of joint is the hip joint?

Answer 10

Ball + socket

Hip joint: Ball + socket

Question 11

What ligament stabilize the hip joint

Answer 11

pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
Iliofemoral ligament

Question 12

What type of joint is the knee joint?

Answer 12

Modified hinge joint

Knee Joint: Modified hinge joint

Question 13

How many articulations are in the knee joint?

Answer 13

3 Articulations

• medial condyle to medial condyle
• lateral condyle to lateral condyle
• Patella * femur

Question 14

What ligament stabilizes the lateral side of the knee joint?
And is it intracapsillary or extracapsilary

Answer 14

LCL - Lateral Collateral ligament
(Fibular collateral ligament)

Extracapsullary

Question 15

What ligament stabilizes the medial side of the knee joint?

Answer 15

MCL - Medial Collateral ligament

(Tibial Collateral ligament)

Extracapsullary

Question 16

Which ligament limits anterior tibial movements?

Answer 16

ACL - Anterior Cruciate ligament: originates on anterior surface of tibia.

Intra capsular ligaments

Question 17

Which ligament limits posterior tibial movements?

Is it inside or outside the synovial capsul?

Answer 17

PCL - Posterior Cruciate ligament: originates on posterior surface of tibia.

Intra capsular ligaments

Question 18

What is the function of the Patellar ligament?

Answer 18

Extends from the patella to the anterior tibia

Located above patella

Question 19

What is the Quadriceps tendon?

Answer 19

Tendon from the quadriceps muscle Attaches to the patella and continues to the tibia tuberosity / tibial tubercle

Runs below patella

Question 20

Where is the Medial meniscus located?

Answer 20

On the medial side of the tibiofemoral joint

Question 21

Where is the Lateral meniscus located?

Answer 21

On the lateral side of the tibiofemoral joint

Question 22

What is the function of the Menisci
What are the 2 parts

Answer 22

Increase knee stability, Act as shock absorbers, spread load over cartilage

Medial meniscus
Lateral meniscus