japan

Question 1

japan old population

Answer 1

28.7 % of the population are 65 or older,

Question 2

birth rate

Answer 2

1.34

Question 3

average age

Answer 3

48

Question 4

aged population fraction

Answer 4

1/3

Question 5

marriage

Answer 5

30.7 yrs old for men and 29 yrs old for women

Question 6

sinking economy

Answer 6

GDP will drop by 1% in the next 3 decades

Question 7

work force falling

Answer 7

workforce expected to fall 15% over the next 20 years

Question 8

healthcare costs

Answer 8

1 trillion, 12% of the country’s GDP

Question 9

population decrease

Answer 9

127 million to 95 million by 2050

Question 10

cause : money

Answer 10

• having kids is expensive → demotivates people to give birth
• living in japan is expensive, they’re not welcoming towards foreigners, most jobs in japan require skill & education → not a lot of immigrants until recently

Question 11

cause : healthcare

Answer 11

• better healthcare → lower death rate for older people and increase life expectancy
• better healthcare → lower infant mortality rate which will lower birth rate

Question 12

cause : education/career

Answer 12

• low birthrate due to birth control, education, and use of contraception
• late marriage, 30.7 yrs old for men and 29 yrs old for women
• high employment rates for married women

Question 13

problems(11)

Answer 13

• More people are claiming social security (unreduced retirement benefits at full retirement age) than the people who are paying for it
• losing economic income due to loss of workforce; the work force is expected to fall by 15% by 2035
• Population will decrease from 127 million to 95 million by 2050
• healthcare costs are expected to be 1 trillion, 12% of the country’s GDP
• High pressure and demand on services such as healthcare
• Sinking economy : GDP will drop by 1% in the next 3 decades
• Closure of services due to less available workers
• High dependency ratio : pressure put on working age, workforce expected to fall 15% over the next 20 years
• Nursing homes : costs will be 1 trillion in 2025, which is 25% of GDP
• post-industrial towns become delerict due to the lack of workers
• less innovation and industrial development

Question 14

solutions (7)

Answer 14

• Encourage families to have kids by decreasing the price for raising a child
• consumption tax increased from 5% to 10%
• provide free childcare to encourage birth by employed women
• relaxing immigration laws to allow more youth population to immigrate into the country
• prime minister announced 2 trillion yen spending package to expand free preschool for children aged 3-5
• financial support for low income families
• cut waiting times for daycare centres