Ischemic Stroke

Question 1

What is ischemic stroke?

Answer 1

persistent neuro defects after 24 hours post event

ischemic injury to the brain

Question 2

What is a TIA?

Answer 2

ischemic neuro deficits that completely resolve by 24 hours

Question 3

This is an ischemic neuro deficits that completely resolve by 24 hours.

Answer 3

a TIA

Question 4

What is the difference btw a large vessel and small vessel stroke?

Answer 4

the size of the vessel –> size of the infarct and s/s

Question 5

What are lacunar infarctions and what do they cause?

Answer 5

strokes from multiple small vessel occlusions that lead to multi-infarct dementia

Question 6

These are strokes from multiple small vessel occlusions that lead to multi-infarct dementia.

Answer 6

lacunar infarctions

Question 7

What is the most important modifiable risk of ischemic stroke?

Answer 7

HTN

Question 8

How can homocysteine elevation be treated?

Answer 8

folate, B6, B12

Question 9

What are the key features of fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)?

Answer 9

women in 30s-40s
arterial media hypertrophy –> multiple areas of occlusion or stenosis –> arterial dissection and intracranial saccular aneurysms
esp renal artery
tx: dilate arteries to minimize stenosis

Question 10

Dx?
women in 30s-40s
arterial media hypertrophy --> multiple areas of occlusion or stenosis --> arterial dissection and intracranial saccular aneurysms
esp renal artery
tx: dilate arteries to minimize stenosis

Answer 10

fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)

Question 11

What is Moya-Moya?

Answer 11

focal occlusion of the middle cerebral arery
children, women in 30s-40s
intimal hyperplasia or HTN –> secular aneurysms and dissection
Asians and blacks

Question 12

Dx?
focal occlusion of the middle cerebral arery
children, women in 30s-40s
intimal hyperplasia or HTN –> secular aneurysms and dissection
Asians and blacks

Answer 12

Moya-Moya

Question 13

What is arterial dissection?

Answer 13

tear in the endothelial lining –> blood dissects btw the endothelium and adventitia –> emboli –> strokes
tx = anticoagulation, stents, surgery

Question 14

Dx?
tear in the endothelial lining –> blood dissects btw the endothelium and adventitia –> emboli –> strokes
tx = anticoagulation, stents, surgery

Answer 14

arterial dissection

Question 15

What is the triad seen with antiphospholipid antibodies?

Answer 15

spontaneous miscarriage
thrombocytopenia
recurrent large vessel thrombosis

Question 16

Dx?
spontaneous miscarriage
thrombocytopenia
recurrent large vessel thrombosis

Answer 16

antiphospholipid antibodies