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HORT 515 > Introduction to Turfgrasses > Flashcards

Introduction to Turfgrasses Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference in susceptibility to temperature stresses?

A

Having enough water to create sugars to withstand hot temperature. Warm season grasses are more efficient at creating sugars.

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2
Q

Upper IM

A

located at base of blade

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3
Q

Color

A

Dark green is usually preferred, although Europeans like apple green

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4
Q

Respiration equation

A

C6H12O6 + O2 -> CO2 + H2O + 38ATP

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5
Q

Collar

A

Where the leaf blade and leaf sheath join

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6
Q

Resiliency

A

ability of turf to absorb shock

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7
Q

Internode

A

Region between nodes

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8
Q

Reduced if leaf blade tips are frayed due to a dull mower

A

Smoothness

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9
Q

Turfgrass roots

A

fibrous and highly branched

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10
Q

Rigidity

A

resistance of leaves to compression

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11
Q

Rhizome

A

below ground stems

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12
Q

Preferred temperature for warm season?

A

80 to 95 F

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13
Q

Crown

A

Stem at base of plant with tightly compacted internodes. Contains the growing point.

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14
Q

Stolon

A

above ground stems

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15
Q

Soil chemical properties

A

Factors affecting turfgrass root growth

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16
Q

Illustration of a grass plant

A
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17
Q

Ligule

A

membranous or hairy structure at the base of the leaf blade

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18
Q

Intercalary meristem

A

Region of cell division in leaves

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19
Q

Preferred temperature for cool season?

A

60 to 75 F

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20
Q

Leaf blade

A

Portion of leaf above collar

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21
Q

Photosynthesis equation

A

CO2 + H2O + light -> C6H12O6 + O2 + H2O

22
Q

Cultural practices (mowing, irrigation, fertilization)

A

Factors affecting turfgrass root growth

23
Q

Density

A

number of plants per unit area

24
Q

Auricle

A

appendages at the edges of the leaf blade base

25
Q

Inflorescence

A

seedhead

26
Q

Smoothness

A

refers to presence/absence of bumps, dips, pits in surface

27
Q

Water

A

H2O

28
Q

Sod-forming grasses

A

spread by rhizomes and/or stolon (and tillers)

29
Q

Soil physical properties

A

Factors affecting turfgrass root growth

30
Q

Uniformity

A

appearance the same in all areas

31
Q

Carbon Dioxide

A

CO2

32
Q

What is the difference in photosynthesis between cool and warm season grasses?

A

Occurs close to the leaf surface in cool season and deep within the leaf in warm season.

33
Q

How do C4 grasses avoid photorespiration?

A

They have a concentration of CO2 instead of O2.

34
Q

Turfgrass growth habits

A

Bunchgrasses Sod-forming grasses

35
Q

Bunchgrasses

A

spread only by tillers, very limited lateral spread

36
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Using light energy to turn CO2 into energy-rich carbs

37
Q

Recuperative ability

A

capacity to recover

38
Q

Collar region

A

Part of the shoot around the collar

39
Q

Shoot

A

Everything above ground

40
Q

Growth habit

A

Bunchgrass or sod former (rhicomatus and/or stoloniferous)

41
Q

Lower IM

A

located at base of sheath

42
Q

Tiller

A

New shoot that arises from within sheath tissue of mother plant. All grasses form tillers.

43
Q

Vernation

A

refers to the manner in which new blades emerge from the sheath

44
Q

Glucose

A

C6H12O6

45
Q

Texture

A

refers to leaf blade width. Finer textured grasses have narrower leaf blades

46
Q

Ball roll

A

ball roll distance

47
Q

Venation

A

presence or absence of visible veins on leaf blade

48
Q

Oxygen

A

O2

49
Q

Genetics

A

Factors affecting turfgrass root growth

50
Q

Leaf sheath

A

Below collar to soil. The basal portion of the leaf that encloses the stem.

51
Q

Node

A

point where buds are located on stem

52
Q

Soil temp

A

Factors affecting turfgrass root growth

HORT 515 (4 decks)

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