Introduction to Polymers Flashcards
History of Polymers
Nitrocellulose (1845) is also known as ___
first semisynthetic polymer
guncotton
Schönbein got acid on wife’s apron, dried it over the oven, exploded
History of polymers
Bakelite (1907)
* The first synthetic polymer based on ___ and ___.
* strong and durable
* Substitute for parts in auto and electric industries.
phenol and formaldehyde
Hi story of polymers
Teflon poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (1938) was used for
atomic bombs and to isolate hot isotopes of uranium
History of polymers
synthetic rubbers take __ to synthesize vs ___ for natural rubbers
- 1h
- 7 years
Polymers in Pharmaceutical & Biomedical products
- Controlled drug delivery
- Scaffolds for tissue engineering
- Oral drug delivery: Coating, Binders, Taste maskers, Protective agents
- Transdermal patches
definition
polymer
a large molecule made up of many small repreating units
Polymers are over ___mers
200 mers
Oligomers are in between 30-___mers
100 mers
definition
macromolecules
- large molecules
- Polymers are a subset of macromolecules
definition
plastics
Plastic materials that can be molded, cast, extruded, drawn, thermoformed, or laminated into a product.
Natural vs. Synthetic polymers
examples of natural polymers
- nucleic acids (DNA, RNA)
- proteins (gelatin)
- polysaccharides (cellulose, chitosan, alginic acid)
Natural vs. Synthetic polymers
examples of synthetic polymers
- polyethylene
- poly (vinyl chloride)
- poly (tetrafluoroethylene) “Teflon”
- polyurethane
- polyacrylate
- poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) “Kevlar”
- nylon; silicon rubber; rayon
Polymer name
What would this polymer be called?
poly (single repeating unit)
poly (cute child)
not poly (cute children)
Polymer name
What is the name of this polymer
poly(acrylate)
Polymer name
What is the name of this polymer
Poly(methacrylate)
Polymer name
What is the name of this polymer
Poly(methyl
methacrylate)
Polymer name
What is the name of this polymer
Poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate)
Structure
What type of polymer is this?
homopolymer
What type of co-polymer is this?
random copolymer
What type of co-polymer is this?
alternate copolymer
What type of co-polymer is this?
block copolymer
What type of co-polymer is this?
graft copolymer
What kind of polymer is this?
cross-linked
Polymer synthesis
Condensation polymerization
* also known as ___ polymerization
* 2 or more (bifunctional) monomers carrying different ___ functional groups interact with each other
* example: ___
- step
- reactive
- nylon
Polymer synthesis
Addition polymerization
* also known as free___ polymerization or ___ polymerization
* Initiation: initiated by a ___
* Propagation
* Termination: terminated by an ___ molecule
* example: ___ and __
- free radical, chain
- radical
- inert
- polyacrylate, polystyrene
condensation vs addition
condensation forms __ chains while addition forms ___ chains
- shorter
- longer
