Introduction to Dental Materials

Question 1

what are the 3 classifications of dental materials

Answer 1

preventive

restorative

therapeutic

Question 2

what is the study of dental materials

what principles does it include (4)

Answer 2

the science dealing with the development, properties, manipulation, care, evolution, and evaluation of materials used in the treatment and prevention of dental diseases

includes principles of engineering, chemistry, physics, and biology

Question 3

Why do we study dental materials? (5)

Answer 3

enhance safety, promote awareness of the success of materials, to maintain materials properly, to deliver correctly, and to educate patients

Question 4

describe dental implants (2)

Answer 4

• can be viable in the body for years
• can develop diseases just like natural teeth

Question 5

2 roles of the Allied Oral Health Practitioner with Dental Materials

Answer 5

Licensed Dental Hygienist
- Care of the restorative material once placed
- Application of some therapeutic and preventive agents such as sealants, fluoride varnish, and silver diamine fluoride

Question 6

All allied oral health practitioners must: (3)

Answer 6

• have a complete understanding of potential hazards in manipulation and disposal of materials
• be educated to handle dental materials safely
• have background knowledge to select a material and treatment procedure

Question 7

Describe the design of a “perfect” dental material (7)

Answer 7

• prevent disease
• treat disease
• restore tooth structure
• biocompatible (doesn’t react with body)
• bonds permanently to tooth structure
• esthetic with tooth and tissue
• repair/regenerate missing tissue

Question 8

what is evidence based dentistry

Answer 8

• uses scientific literature to validate treatment
• also relies on clinical expertise
• also considers patient needs, conditions, and preferences

Question 9

what does evidence based decision making do/ what is it

Answer 9

helps the clinician make decisions on what is relevant to incorporate into practice

how decisions are made regarding techniques, technology, and products that we use/recommend.

Question 10

Describe the history of Dental materials
Sumerians:
Mayan:
Phoenician:

Question 11

what happened in 1874?

Answer 11

the first mention of fluoride was dispensed in england

Question 12

what year was the first community water fluoridation program?

Answer 12

1945

Question 13

what came out in 1932

Answer 13

synthetic resins

Question 14

what was introduced in 1955

Answer 14

the acid-etch technique

Question 15

what are the modern advances of the 20th century in dental materials (10)

Answer 15

• cast gold crowns
• bonding of teeth
• Light-activated composites
• tooth whitening
• dental implants
• high-speed dental handpieces
• ceramic crowns
• CAD/CAM milling and delivery of crowns
• veneers
• LASERS

Question 16

what agencies are responsible for standards of dental materials

Answer 16

1839 - American Society for Dental Surgeons - Amalgam War

1930 - first ADA specification Dental Amalgam

Amercian Dental Association > Dental seal of approval

Food and Drug administration

ISO - International Organization for Standards (international)

FDI - World Dental Federation (international)

Question 17

what does the Medical Device Act of 1976 do for the Food and Drug Administration?

Answer 17

• gives FDA authority over medical/dental devices
• classified and regulated depending on the degree of public risk
• dental materials are considered devices and OTC products are subject to their regulation

Question 18

what are the classifications of medical/dental devices

Answer 18

class 1 - lowest risk: gloves, polishing paste

class 2 - amalgam and composite restoration materials: meet performance standards

class 3 - most regulated-implants and bone grafting material, most regulated products that require pre-market approval

Question 19

International Agencies

what is the IDF
what is the ISO

Answer 19

IDF: International Dental Federation, Dental products must meet IDF standards

ISO: International Standards Organization - audits are done on dental companies to certify their products meet ISO standards

Question 20

The American Dental Association

when was it founded?
what happened in 1866?
1930?
1931?
2005?

Answer 20

• founded in 1859
• in 1866 the ADA committee evaluated the claims of toothpaste
• in 1930 they established guidelines for products
• in 1931 they awarded its first ADA seal of approval on products used by dentists (professional) and products sold to patients (consumers)
• since 2005, the ADA seal was only awarded to consumer products

Question 21

The ADA seal program:

what does the review panel do:
seal period length:
first dental product to receive a seal:
how many products carry the seal:

Answer 21

• Reviews product ingredients and scientific evidence to prove clinical effectiveness
• 5 years
• Toothpaste (Colgate)
• over 200

Question 22

what must the manufacturer do for consideration of the ADA seal (5)

Answer 22

• submit a complete list of ingredients
• supply data that supports the product safety, effectiveness, and claims
• conduct clinical trials following ADA guidelines
• provide proof that ingredients are pure and uniform
• submit product packaging to review for accuracy

Question 23

T/F

the ADA uses public testing sites to evaluate research or manufacturers applying for the seal of acceptance

Answer 23

FALSE: they use INDEPENDENT testing sites

Question 24

Does the ADA seal endorse a product?
Does the ADA profit from their seals?
Are all claims made by ADA-approved products true?

Answer 24

• NO, it is not an endorsement
• NO, no profit is made
• YES, seal means that the claims made by the manufacturer are true

Question 25

what are the advantages of the ADA seal program (3)

Answer 25

• gains public trust
• 70% of consumers recognize the ADA seal of acceptance
• increases sales

Question 26

what are the disadvantages of the ADA seal program

Answer 26

• takes months for approval
• expensive to run clinical trials (millions)

Question 27

REVIEW ALL IMAGES AND NOTES IN LECTURE SLIDE 1

Answer 27

DO IT BITCH