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ECOLOGY > Intro to Ecology > Flashcards

Intro to Ecology Flashcards

1
Q

the branch of biology dealing with the relations and
interactions between organisms and their environment,
including other organisms

A

ecology

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2
Q

ecology comes from Greek word, οikos means

A

house or environment

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3
Q

Ecology comes from Greek word, logia which means

A

“study of”

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4
Q

the word “ecology” was coined in what year and by whom

A

1866 by German scientist Ernst Haeckel

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5
Q

give two concepts of ecology

A

structural and functional concept

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6
Q

somatic characters

A

ecads

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7
Q

genetic characters

A

ecotypes

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8
Q

ecads

A

somatic characters

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9
Q

ecotypes

A

genetic characters

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10
Q

true or false: organisms living in a particular environment are independent and mutually reactive but they do not react with the environment

A

false; organisms also react with the environment

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11
Q

what concept describes species having enough plasticity to modify themselves

A

structural concept

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12
Q

each population is circumscribed by the interaction of various environmental and trophic level of the organisms. this is called

A

ecological niche

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13
Q

what is ecological niche

A

position of a species within an ecosystem; the range of conditions necessary for the persistence of the species

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14
Q

the degree of success of a particular population is determined by

A

abiotic factors and their interaction with other types of populations

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15
Q

the interactions amongst the populations can be

A

positive, negative, or neutral

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16
Q

ecology flag or symbol was created when and by whom

A

october 25, 1969

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17
Q

ecology flag is used as a symbol of

A

people’s commitment to clean up the environment

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18
Q

ecology is divided mainly in two branches, which are..

A

autecology and synecology

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19
Q

branch of ecology also known as community ecology

A

autecology

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20
Q

studies characteristics of living organisms as adaptation to temp., humidity, salinity, and other environmental factors

A

autecology (community ecology)

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21
Q

describe autecology

A

characteristics of organisms as adaptation to temp., humility, salinity, etc.

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22
Q

Indicate the fourth law of ecology.

A

There is no such thing as free lunch.

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23
Q

ecology of different taxonomic groups of living organisms (avian, mammalian, insect, human, etc.).

A

Taxonomic ecology

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24
Q

factors that are present in a habitat and are ever changing in nature.

A

Climatic factors

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25
Q

direct outcome of various types of activities amongst animals.

A

Biotic factors

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26
Q

development of regenerating ecosystems to support man life during long space flights.

A

Space ecology

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27
Q

geographical distribution of animals, plants, and of paleoecology and biomes.

A

Geographic ecology

28
Q

relationship of microorganisms with one another and their environment.

A

Microbial or environmental ecology

29
Q

deals with energy conservation and its flow in the organisms within the ecosystem. thermodynamics.

A

Ecological energetic

30
Q

application of ecological concepts to human needs.

A

Applied ecology

31
Q

gross and net production of diff. ecosystems, e.g., fresh water, agriculture, etc. as well as the management to acquire maximum yield.

A

Production ecology

32
Q

man’s relation to the environment, and their effects on the biosphere.

A

Human ecology

33
Q

deals with the study of land organisms and how they interact with each other and adapt to their environment.

A

Terrestrial ecology

34
Q

oceanography

A

Marine ecology

35
Q

deals with the ecological study of different habitats and their effects on the organisms living there.

A

habitat ecology

36
Q

study of the manner of growth, structure, and regulation of population of organisms.

A

Synecology or population ecology

37
Q

created an ecology symbol and published it on October 25, 1969.

A

Ron Cobb

38
Q

A specific role of a species within an ecosystem, including its use of resources, and relationships with other species.

A

ecological niche

39
Q

resources that can be replaced if conditions are suitable and there is enough time, energy, and nutrients.

A

Renewable resources

40
Q

Indicate the fifth law of ecology.

A

Everything has a limit.

41
Q

Indicate the third law of ecology.

A

Everything is always changing.

42
Q

Indicate the second law of ecology.

A

Everything has to go somewhere / There is no place as away.

43
Q

Indicate the first law of Ecology.

A

Everything is connected to everything else.

44
Q

Wrote the Four Laws Of Ecology. An American biologist and eco-socialist. The Closing Circle.

A

Barry Commoner

45
Q

include acidity or salinity that are present in aquatic habitat; play an important role in the distribution of animals.

A

Chemical factors (climatic)

46
Q

include temperature, light, and humidity.

A

Physical factors (climatic)

47
Q

assessment of population density in a given area; important in solving many problems like food availability.

A

Quantitative study

48
Q

how organism’s structure, physiology, and behavior meet with environmental challenges.

A

Organism(al) ecology

49
Q

branch of terrestrial ecology that deals with soils’ acidity, alkalinity, humus contents, mineral contents, etc. and their influence on the organisms.

A

Pedology ecology

50
Q

made significant contribution in paleontology. (three)

A

palynology, paleontology, radioactive dating methods

51
Q

study of environmental conditions, past ages.

A

Paleontology

52
Q

examining the chemical interactions among organisms and their environment.

A

Chemical ecology

53
Q

study of soil formation, nutrient cycline energy flow, and productivity.

A

Ecosystem dynamics

54
Q

Fresh Water ecology

A

Limnology

55
Q

the study of the relationships between aquatic organisms and their environment

A

Aquatic Ecology

56
Q

studies characteristics of living organisms as adaptation to temp., humidity, salinity, and other environmental factors.

A

Autecology or community ecology

57
Q

science of studying ang improving relationships between ecological process in the environment.

A

Landscape ecology

58
Q

terrestrial ecology is classified into these four study

A

forest, cropland, grassland, and desert ecology

59
Q

give examples of applications of ecology

A

wildlife management, insect control, epidemiology, animals husbandry, aquaculture, agriculture, horticulture, land use

60
Q

geographical distribution of animals

A

zoogeographic

61
Q

geographic distribution of plants

A

phytogeography

62
Q

includes signaling processes and communication between individuals, e.g., hormone responses

A

chemical ecology

63
Q

give the five scopes of ecology

A

biotic, quantitative, climatic (physical and chemical), taxonomic, genetic and evolutionary

64
Q

no longer regarded as a thing of the past and it has proved that it is a dynamic process though progress is very slow

A

evolution

65
Q

give examples of renewable resources

A

solar energy, wind, falling water, ocean currents, plant materials, waves, bioenergy, hydropower

66
Q

give examples of biotic factors

A

plants, trees, molds, fish, aquatic plants, animals, fungi, protists

67
Q

examples of abiotic factors

A

sunlight, water, air ph, humidity, temperature, salinity, altitude, dissolved oxygen, wind, water, air

ECOLOGY (4 decks)

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