Intro To Antimicrobials

Question 1

Bacteriostatic vs. Bactericidal

Answer 1

bacteriostatic = inhibits the growth
bactericidal = kills the bacteria
(use bactericidal in decreased immune response)

Question 2

Narrow vs.Broad Spectrum

Answer 2

Broad = Gram + and Gram -
Narrow = Gram + only
Broad spectrum don’t necessarily have more side effects

Question 3

Mechanism of Actions

Answer 3

Inhibiting cell wall synthesis, permeability of the cell membrane, inhibit protein synthesis, affecting nucleic synthesis

Question 4

Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

Answer 4

MIC is concentration of drug at which point there is inhibition of bacteria. Increased concentration past MIC doesn’t have any more effect

Question 5

Allergic Toxicity

Answer 5

Doesn’t matter on concentration in blood, even if little enters system –> reaction

Question 6

Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC)

Answer 6

Concentration of drug at which all the bacteria die

Question 7

Resistance due to Genetic Mechanism

Answer 7

Plasmid mediated 
Chromosomal mediated (not transferable)

Question 8

Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents

Answer 8

Antibiotic inactivation, Alteration in permeability, Target modification

Question 9

Ideal Antibiotic Agents

Answer 9

Bactericidal, Broad, good oral absorption, equal or localized to infection distribution in body, excretion by hepatic over kidney