International Relations - Hitler's Foreign Policy 1933 to 1939

Question 1

What were the aims of Hitler’s Foreign Policy?

Answer 1

to reverse the terms of the treaty of Versailles
to defeat communism
to unite all German speaking people
to rearm Germany and restore and all of its territory
to conquer an Empire in the East to give German People lebensraum

Question 2

What were the aims of Hitler’s Foreign Policy based on?

Answer 2

The Master Race
Pan German Nationalism
Militarism
Social Darwinism

Question 3

By whom was Anschluss stopped in 1934?

Answer 3

Italy

Question 4

How did Anschluss occur?

Answer 4

Hitler encouraged Austrian Nazis to cause trouble for the Austrian Government and demand unification.
He stormed into Austria but was welcome
He held a referndum
99.7% of Austrians wanted Anschluss

Question 5

How did Anschluss help Hitler?

Answer 5

He was carrying out promise to unite German people
Popularity increased and so did support for his foreign policy
Access to Austrian land and raw material
Austria acted as a buffer defense.
Stepping stone into Italy Yugoslavia, Hungary and Czechoslovakia

Question 6

Why didn’t Britain and France stop Anschluss?

Answer 6

Britain sympathized because of the harsh treaties
Br and Fr didn’t want a conflict over Austria
Fr didn’t want to act on her own and Br refused to act
Ger was not allies w It and if there was a conflict Ger could ask It for help and maybe Sp and this could surround Fr

Question 7

When was the Anglo- German Naval Agreement?

Answer 7

1935

Question 8

What did it allow?(AGNA)

Answer 8

For Germany to build up the size of her navy to 35% of British navy and they could build submarines

Question 9

What did it go against?(AGNA)

Answer 9

The terms of the Treaty of Versailles

Question 10

What did it under mind? (AGNA)

Answer 10

The idea of disarmament supported by the League

Question 11

Which countries were not pleased by signing this agreement?Why? (AGNA)

Answer 11

France and Italy

They were not consulted

Question 12

What is the Franco Soviet mutual assistance treaty?

Answer 12

A treaty between France and the Soviet Union with the aim of enveloping Nazi Germany in 1935 in order to reduce the threat from central Europe.

Question 13

What was the size of Germany’s navy by 1938?

Answer 13

47 submarines and 21 large navy vessels

Question 14

What was the Rome Berlin Axis? When?

Answer 14

Alliance between Germany and Italy in 1936

Question 15

What was the Anti- Comintern pact? When?

Answer 15

Alliance between Germany and Japan in 1936

Question 16

What happened at the Saar plebiscite? When?

Answer 16

T of V gave Saar land to Fr
Plebiscite was held in Saar to see if the people wanted it to be German
90% voted yes
First Territory for Hitler back

Question 17

Describe the events that took place at the remilitarisation of the Rhineland

Answer 17

Hitler saw how the LON failed to invasions of Manchuria and Abyssinia
Hitler saw how LON failed to stop Ger from rearming
Hitler ordered troops to enter Rhineland even though it was braking the T OF V term

Question 18

Why was he able to remilitarise the Rhineland?

Answer 18

Br and Fr did nothing because:
Br thought that the treaty was too harsh and that they were only getting their land back
France did not want to go through war form Rhineland

Question 19

What was the Sudetenland Crisis? When was it?

Answer 19

When Hitler demanded that Czechoslovakia hand over part of its territory
Czechoslovakia had a powerful army
Sudetenland was the key to Czechoslovakia defense against attack
1938

Question 20

How many German speaking people were in Sudetenland?

Answer 20

3 million

Question 21

What was the Munich Agreement? When?

Answer 21

It was organised to find a peaceful solution to the problem in 1938. They came to a conclusion that both countries would negotiate any future problems and not go to war.

Question 22

Who was present at the agreement?

Answer 22

Britain
France
Italy
Germany

Question 23

What was Chamberlain regarded as after that?

Answer 23

A national hero for avoiding war

Question 24

What were the arguments in support of Chamberlain Appeasement Policy include?

Answer 24

British people did not want another war
British people thought that the terms of the treaty of Versailles
British people saw that Hitler’s demand that all German- speaking people should live in one country was fair
British people supported Hitler as he was anti Communist
British armed forces were not ready

Question 25

What were the arguments against Chamberlain Appeasement Policy include?

Answer 25

Hitler was a dictator who could not be trusted
Appeasement made Britain looked weak
Czechoslovakia was not invited to the conference and did not have a say in its future
Hitler had already expressed his idea that he wanted to expand East of Europe and would only be stopped by war

Question 26

Describe the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1939?

Answer 26

The loss of Sudetenland encouraged other ethnic minority groups to demand independence
Czech Republic became a part of Germany
The invasion represented the start of Hitler conquering land in the East for Lebensraum

Question 27

Why did he invade Czechoslovakia?

Answer 27

For Lebensraum

Question 28

What was the Nazi- Soviet Pact?

Answer 28

It was a signing between Germany and Russia for a non- Aggression Pact in which they promised they would not go to war with each other

Question 29

Why was the news shocking?(nzp)

Answer 29

because Hitler was strongly Anti- Communist and viewed Russians as subhumans

Question 30

What was the secret deal?(nzp)

Answer 30

To divide Poland between them with Germany getting Western Poland and Russia getting Eastern Poland.

Question 31

Who signed the deal from both sides?(nzp)

Answer 31

Russia and Germany

Question 32

When did the invasion of Poland happen?

Answer 32

1939

Question 33

What did the German view Poles as?

Answer 33

as subhuman

Question 34

Who declared war after this?

Answer 34

Britain and France declared war on Germany.

Question 35

What happened at Guernica in 1937?

Answer 35

German aircraft were tested
Guernica is in the Basque are Republican
number of victims still disputed 1,500 to 1600
tried strategy of carpet bombing

Question 36

Why did Hitler get involved in the Spanish Civil War?

Answer 36

He was hoping to become allies with spain
Hitler wanted to test his modern weapons
opportunity to fight communism
smokescreen for affairs happening in Eastern Europe
Blocks British shipping in the Mediterranean
access to Atlantic Ocean

Question 37

Why did Br and Fr not take action to stop Hitler in guernica?

Answer 37

Domestic problems
British will not get involved if america will not be involved
Other crisis were occupying the league’s attention
scared about the communists
they were not ready for war- 10 Year Rule

Question 38

Why was the Sudetenland important to Hitler?

Answer 38

Heavy industry and coal 
Skoda weapons factory 
trained and well equipped army 
Czech had modern militarization fortifications 
Weakened Czechoslovakia 
easier access to Poland 
defence agreements with Fr and USSR 
Unite all German speaking people 
carry out his promises 
popularity increased

Question 39

Why did the munich agreement worry the USSR so much?

Answer 39

he didnt trust br and fr to protect him from germany

Question 40

Reasons for using appeasement

Answer 40

Economic reasons 
Military preparedness 
public opinion 
USA 
not wanted to repeat horrors of WW1 
belief Hitler rational politician

Question 41

Reasons for not using appeasement

Answer 41

encouraged aggression 
made France and Britain look weak
went against rules of League
Smaller countries felt they were not protected
USSR pushed into alliance with Germany