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Anatomy > Intercostal space > Flashcards

Intercostal space Flashcards

1
Q

Intercostal spaces are

A

ant>9

post>11

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2
Q

External intercostal muscle origin

A

lower border of rib above

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3
Q

External intercostal muscle insertion

A

upper border of rib below

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4
Q

External intercostal muscle extension

A

from tubercle of rib till junctions of rib and its CC

**extend into ant intercostal membrane

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5
Q

direction of external intercostal muscles

A

downwards and forwards

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6
Q

internal intercostal muscles origin

A

outer lip of costal groove of rib above

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7
Q

internal intercostal muscles insertion

A

upper border of rib below

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8
Q

internal intercostal muscles extension

A

sternum (ant) till mid axillary line

**continues as posterior intercostal membrane

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9
Q

direction of internal intercostal muscles

A

downwards and backwards

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10
Q

innermost intercostal muscle origin

A

inner lip of costal groove of rib above

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11
Q

innermost intercostal muscle insertion

A

upper border to the rib below

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12
Q

innermost intercostal muscle extends

A

in front of midaxillary line to the angle of rib

**lies in the middle of intercostal space

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13
Q

direction of innermost intercostal muscle fibers

A

downwards & backwards

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14
Q

actions of intercostal muscles

A

elevate ribs (inspiratory muscles)

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15
Q

transversus thoracis muscle formed of:

A 
sternocostalis (ant of intercostal space) 
innermost intercostal (middle of intercostal)
subcostalis (post of intercostal )
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16
Q

upper six pairs of intercostal A from

A

internal mammary A

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17
Q

7th , 8th , 9th are from

A

musclopherenic A

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18
Q

1st and 2nd Post ICAs arise from

A

Sup ICA (branch from costocervical of 2nd part of subclavian A)

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19
Q

lower nine ICAs (3rd-11th) and subcostal arise from

A

descending thoracic aorta

20
Q

Each Post ICA gives

A

collateral branch

21
Q

both the post ICA and its collateral

A

anastomose with the two Ant ICAs

22
Q

internal mammary A origin

A

1st part of subclavian A

23
Q

Internal mammary A descends behind

A

upper six CC

24
Q

Internal mammary A ends

A

opposite to the 6th ICS (dividing into musclopherenic & sup epigastric A)

25
Q

branches of Internal mammary A

A 
six pairs of Anr ICAs 
pericardiacopherenic A 
six perforating branches 
sup epigastric A
musclophrenic A
26
Q

Ant ICVs

A 
accompany arteries 
end in musclophrenic V & internal mammary V 
drain into (brachiocephalic V)
27
Q

Post ICVs (RT side)

A

1st> right innominate
2nd, 3rd, 4th > rt sup ICV > arch of azygos
5th-11th & supcostal> vena azygos

28
Q

Post ICVs (LT side)

A

1st> lt innominate
2nd, 3rd, 4th > lt sup ICV > lt innominate V
5th-8th> sup hemiazygos > azygos
9-11th > inf hemiazygos > azygos

29
Q

vena azygos begins in

A

abdomen (back of inf vena cava) at the level of L2

-as continuation of RT subcostal V or from union of RT subcostal & RT ascending lumbar V

30
Q

vena azygos end in

A

the middle of the back of sup vena cava (level of 2nd right costal cartilage)

31
Q

relations of azygos in posterior mediastinum

A
  • lt side > thoracic duct, separates it from descending aorta
  • rt side > rt pleura+lung
  • ant > oesophagus + root of rt lung
  • post > rt post intercostal + subcostal veins (separate it from vertebral column and ant longitudinal ligament )
32
Q

relations of arch of azygos (in superior mediastinum)

A

below > root of rt lung
rt side> rt pleura and lung
lt side> trachea, rt vagus and esophagus

33
Q

tributaries of vena azygos

A
  • 5th to 11th rt post intercostal veins + rt subcostal V
  • rt ascending lumbar V
  • sup and inf hemiazygos V
  • two bronchial veins from rt lung
  • oesophageal and pericardial veins
  • rt sup intercostal V opens in arch of azygos
34
Q

sup hemiazygos origin

A

post end of 5th ICS

35
Q

sup hemiazygos course

A

passes down on lt side of descending aorta till level of T8> turns to rt behind descending aorta & thoracic duct, in front of ant longitudinal ligament to end in vena azygos

36
Q

tributaries of sup hemiazygos

A

post ICV (5th to 8th)

37
Q

inf hemiazygos origin

A

back of lt renal vein
or as continuation of lt subcostal V
or by union of lt subcostal and lt ascending lumbar V

38
Q

inf hemiazygos course

A

pierces lt crus of diaphragm > to lt side

at T9 level> turns to rt behind ascending aorta and thoracic duct to end in vena azygos

39
Q

tributaries of inf hemiazygos

A

lt post ICVs (9th-11th + lt subcostal V)

40
Q

typical ICNs

A

2nd-6th (thoracic wall)

41
Q

atypical ICNs (thoraco-abdominal nerves)

A

7th-11th

42
Q

1st INC is special of

A

joins brachial plexus

43
Q

subcostal nerve is special of

A

runs in the abdominal wall

44
Q

branches of ICN

A
  1. muscular
  2. lateral cut
  3. ant cut
  4. white and grey rami communicanes
  5. collateral branch
  6. articular branch
45
Q

intercostal nerve block

A

injection of local anesthesia around intercostal nerve

46
Q

….. may appear either lateral to sacrospinalis or in mid axillary line or lateral to sternum

A

pus from region of vertebral column

Anatomy (3 decks)

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