Integumentary System-Exam 2 Flashcards
Name the 4 different membrane types, and their characteristics
- Serrous: Composed of simple squamous epithelium and a thin aereolar tissue, which produce a watery serous fluid. Examples include pericardium and peritoneum. It has two different layers
- Parietal Layer: Lines the body cavity
- Visceral Layer: Covers Organs
- Mucous: Coats and covers membranes act as a protection from the outside from dust, bacteria, etc. found in the digestive, respitory and reproductive system. Made of Epithelial and loose connective called the Lamina Propria
- Synovial: Connects bone to bone, allows joints to move. Full of fluid. Allows smooth liquid to move around
- Cutaneous: The largest body membrane composed of keratinized stratified squamous epthelium or the epidermis.
What is the Integumentum?
The integumentum is the skin that covers your body, also known as the cutaneous membrane. It is the largest organ that performs many funtions and has other embedded tissues that happen around it.The functions it performs includes:
- Regulates Temperature
- Water loss
- Sensory of P & T
- Produces Chemicals
Name the 3 layers of the skin
- Epidermis: Not well vascularized, squamous epithelium. Barrier from outside
- Dermis
- Subcutaneous
What is the stratum coneum
It is the most superficial layer of the epidermis. Consists of 20-30 layers of dead keratinized cells
What types of cells occupy the Stratum Basale layer of the epidermis?
- Keratinocytes: Which produce the protein keratin which is most abundant cell type in the epidermis. Provides “waterproofing” for the skin
- Melanocytes: These produce and store the pigment melanin
What determines your own unique skin tone?
The color of your skin is known to be produced by melanocytes which vary depending on your race, nutrition, oxygen, and light exposure to UV rays
What types of tissue is the Dermis composed of ?
[c] tissue
[m] tissue
[n] tissue
[e] tissue
List some qualities of the dermis
The dermis constists of 2 types of connective tissue: areolar and dense irregular. Composed of primarilu collagen fibers. Other components include blood vessels, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, nerve endings, and smooth muscle tissue.
What is the superficial region of the dermis?
The superficial region is also known as the papillary layer which is adjacent to the epidermis.
List the fuctions of the Epidermis
Top Layer: Stratum Corneum is meanth to protect. A bunch of dead skin cell layers
The other 5 layers provide keratin/melanin, barrier to protect muscles, keeps chemicals and viruses out.
List the parts of the nail
What is the function of a nail?
The function of the nail is that it is meant to be a protective layer over the tips of the skin, what feeds the growth is the nail bed, which produces the nail plate ( which has high amounts of keratin)
What is the lunula?
The lunula is the whitish semi-lunar area of the proximal end of the nail.
What is hair? Where does it attach to?
Tube like depressions that has hair composed of keratin. Hair is attached to the Smooth Muscle Cells which is attached to the nerves.
What are subaceous glands?
These are holocrine glands that discharge an oily waxy secretion called sebum
