Integument System Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the integument(Skin)?

A

Protection
H2O resistant
temperature regulation
Secretion
vitamin D synthesis
Sensory reception
Immune Defense

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2
Q

What tissue makes up the epidermis?

A

Keratinized striated squamous epithelium

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3
Q

Is the epidermis vascular?

A

No

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4
Q

What are epidermal ridges?

A

rounded protrusions that interlock with the dermis papilae

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5
Q

What tissues makes up the Dermis?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

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6
Q

What tissue makes up the subcutaneous layer?

A

Areolar and Adipose

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7
Q

Is the subcutaneous layer apart of the integument?

A

No

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8
Q

What is the most numerous cell of the epidermis?

A

Keratinocytes

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9
Q

What do keratinocytes do?

A

Produce keratin

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10
Q

Where do keratinocytes replicate and then die?

A

replicate at the stratum basale layer and die in the stratum granulosum then migrate to the stratum corneum to be sluffed off

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11
Q

What are melanocytes?

A

Cells that produce melanin but the pigment is transferred into the keratinocytes

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12
Q

Where are melanocytes found?

A

Stratum basale

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13
Q

What are tactile cells?

A

Tactile sensation
connected to nerve endings

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14
Q

Where are tactile cells found?

A

Stratum basale

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15
Q

What are epidermal dendritic cells?

A

They phagocytose bacteria and foreign debris

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16
Q

Where are epidermal dendritic cells found?

A

Stratum spinosum

17
Q

What are the layer of the epidermis from deep to superficial?

A

Stratum Basale
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum Lucidum (thick)
Stratum corneum

18
Q

What is the stratum basale?

A

Single layer of columnar/cuboidal keratinocytes resting on a basement membrane
constantly dividing

19
Q

What is the stratum spinosum?

A

Several layers of polygonal-shaped keratinocytes

20
Q

What is the stratum granulosum?

A

3-5 layers of granular flattened keratinocytes
keratinization begins here
cells die and are filled with keratin
Cells are now dead

21
Q

What is the stratum lucidum?

A

Only in thick skin
2-3 layers of pale, flattened, anucleate keratinocytes

22
Q

What is the stratum Corneum?

A

most superficial layer
20-30 layers of dead, anucleate keratinocytes

23
Q

What are the layers of the dermis?

A

Papillary and reticular

24
Q

What is the papillary layer?

A

Most superficial layer
contains dermal papillae

25
What is the reticular layer?
Deep to the papillary layer contains: sweat glands, sebaceous glands, hair follicles, arrector pili muscles
26
What tissue is the dermis made of?
Dense irregular connective tissue
27
What are the epidermal accessory organ formed by?
Epidermis invaginating into the dermis
28
What are nails?
Formed by stratum corneum Functions: protect tips of fingers and toes, help with grasping
29
What are hairs?
Associated with sebaceous glands and arrector pili muscles Functions: protection from UV, sensory reception, heat retention
30
What are arrector pili muscles?
Smooth muscles that make hairs stand on end
31
What are the two exocrine glands in the dermis?
Sebaceous glands and sweat glands
32
What is the location of the glands?
reticular layer
33
What are sebaceous glands?
Holocrine glands secrete sebum(oil) Functions: Lube and water proof epidermis, protects hair from being brittle