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HDM - Midterm > Integument Barrier Infection - Dennis > Flashcards

Integument Barrier Infection - Dennis Flashcards

1
Q

What is another term for the hypodermis? 3

A

Subcutaneous

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2
Q

What are the four roles of the integument? 3

A

Protection - Physcial, chemical, biological

Sensation & excretion

Thermoregulatin

Synthesis of Vitamin D3

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3
Q

What two things does thick skin lack? 5

A

Lacks:

  • hair
  • fingerprints
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4
Q

Where is thick skin found? 5

A

Palms of hands and soles of feet

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5
Q

How is contact between the epidermis and dermis maintained? 6

A

Via heme desmosomes @ the dermal-epidermal junction

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6
Q

What does the epidermal-dermal border follow? 6

A

The dermal ridge follows the dermal papilla

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7
Q

What cells are found in the epidermis? 8

A

Keratinocytes
Melanocytes
Merkel Cells
Langerhans cells

Killed My Mom’s Lover

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8
Q

What are the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deep? 8

A 
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucidum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale (germantivum)

Cat Loves Gay Super-fly Boys

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9
Q

What is the main problem in psoriasis?

A

High rate of turnover in skin reproduction

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10
Q

What is the keratin precursor and where is it produced? 9

A

Cytokeratin produced by Startum Spinosum

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11
Q

What are aggregates of cytokeratin called? 9

A

Tonofillaments

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12
Q

What is the malpghian layer? 9

A

Stratum spinosum + stratum basal

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13
Q

What two granules are contained within the Stratum Granulosum? 10

A

Keratohyalin granules

Lamellar granules

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14
Q

What is the role of Keratohyalin granules? 10

A

Assembles keratin into bundles

Cys and His rich

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15
Q

What is the role of Lamellar Granules? 10

A

Form a lipid-rich (waterproof) barrier to foreign material (and water loss)

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16
Q

What is the composition of the Stratum Lucidum? 11

A

Densely packed keratin filaments with no organelles or nuclei

Translucent

17
Q

What is the main component of

Stratum Corneum? 12

A

Squares - fully keratinzed cells

18
Q

What is the function of keratinocytes? 14

A

Produces keratin & lamellar granules

Stores melanin

19
Q

What is the function of melanocytes? 15

A

Produces melanin (that is then stored in keratinocytes)

20
Q

What enzyme produces melanin? 16

A

Tyrosinase enzyme:

Converts tyrosine –> DOPA

21
Q

What is DOPA? 16

A

A monomer of melanin

22
Q

What is the function of Langerhan cells? 17

A

Site-specific macrophages APCs that leave the cell once activated by an Ag

23
Q

What is the function of Merkel cells? Where are they found? 19

A

Found in the Stratum Basale

Light touch & texture

24
Q

What two layers make up the dermis? 19

A

Papillary layer

Reticular layer

Dermis is avascular

25
Q

What is contained within the Papillary Dermis? 20

A

Meissner corpuscles

Dermal Papillar

26
Q

What is contained within the Reticular Dermis? 20

A

Type I collagen

Elastic fibers

27
Q

What two plexi do we find in the dermal layer? 20

A

Subpapillary plexus

Cutaneous plexus - main feeder

28
Q

Where are adipocytes stored within the skin? 21

A

Within the hypodermis (subcutaneous) layer

29
Q

What is the role of Free Nerve endings? Where are they located? 23

A

Pain (itching and temperature)

Found along the dermal-epidermal junction

30
Q

What is the role of Meissner Corpuscles? Where are they located? 24

A

Detect light touch or low frequency stimuli

Found in dermal papillae (fingertips, palms)

31
Q

What is the role of Pacinian Corpuscles? Where are they found? 25

A

Coarse touch, vibration, or pressure

Found in the dermis or hypodermis

32
Q

What is the role of Merkel Disks? 25

A

High resolution tactile receptor

33
Q

What characterizes Sweat (Sudoriferous) glands? What kind of epithelium? 27, 29

A

A coiled eccrine (merocrine) or apocrine gland

Epithelium - cuboidal

34
Q

What is the role of Apocrine glands? What type of secretion? 31

A

A type of sudorfierous sweat gland

Utilizes merocrine (milky) secretion

35
Q

What two types of stimuli do Apocrine glands respond to? 30

A

Adrenergic Regulation (sympathetic)

Hormones

36
Q

What is the role of Sebaceous glands and what is their product? 28

A

Lubricates hair and skin

Product - sebum

37
Q

What are the three layers of the hair shaft? 32

A

Outside –> in

Cuticle –> cortex –> medulla

38
Q

What is the lunula of the nail? 33

A

Crescent-shaped white area near nail matrix

HDM - Midterm (9 decks)

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