Instructional Design Key Phrases

Question 1

Instructional Design as a process

Answer 1

the systematic development of instructional specifications using learning and instructional theory to ensure the quality of instruction.

Question 2

Instructional Design as a science

Answer 2

creating detailed specifications for the development, implementation, evaluation, and maintenance of situations that facilitate the learning

Question 3

Instructional Design as a Discipline

Answer 3

that branch of knowledge concerned with research and theory about instructional strategies and the process for developing and implementing those strategies.

Question 4

Instruction

Answer 4

The deliberate arrangement of learning conditions to promote the attainment of some intended goals

Question 5

Design

Answer 5

Series of decision-making that are guided by clear objectives, constrained by limited resources, centered on user experiences, situated in the context, and saturated with creativity and innovations, in order to solve problems.

Question 6

Education

Answer 6

Any situation where conceptual, theoretical, and strategic knowledge and skills are acquired that might help people handle novel and unexpected future challenges and problems.

Question 7

Training

Answer 7

Instructional experiences helping individuals be prepared for job related competencies
Demonstration, guided practice, and feedback to perfect a new procedure
Immediate application to a problem solving setting

Question 8

Teaching

Answer 8

Learning experiences that are facilitated by a human being

Question 9

Instructional Design

Answer 9

A systematic PROCESS of:
- Analyzing and solving performance problems that will respond to instruction
- Translating principles of learning and instruction into plans for instructional materials, activities, information resources, and evaluation.

Question 10

4 Fundamental components of systematic instructional planning

Answer 10

Learners, Objectives, Methods, and Evaluations

Question 11

What are the essential phases of Instructional Design Models

Answer 11

Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation

Question 12

Analysis

Answer 12

Determining whether there is a need to develop instruction
Understanding performance and target objectives
Understanding the characteristics of the learner
Determining the learners goals and tasks

Question 13

Design

Answer 13

Making designing decisions such as how to organize and sequence the content
Determine what kind of learning technologies will be utilized
Determine the delivery format

Question 14

Development

Answer 14

Using design decisions, the instructional curriculum is formed

Question 15

Implementation

Answer 15

The curriculum is delivered

Question 16

3 Principles of Blooms Taxonomy of Educational Objectives

Answer 16

Cognitive, Affective, and Psychomotor

Question 17

Gagne’s 5 Domains of Learning

Answer 17

Verbal Information
Intellectual Skills
Psychomotor Skills
Attitudes
Cognitive Strategies

Question 18

Gagne’s 9 Events of Learning

Answer 18

Gain Attention
State Objectives
Stimulate Recall

Question 19

Gagne’s 9 Events of Learning

Answer 19

Gain Attention
State Objectives
Stimulate RecallPresent Content
Provide Guidance
Elicit Feedback
Provide Feedback
Access Performance
Enhance Transfer

Question 20

Roles of Instructional Design

Answer 20

Building Blocks of Training & Development
Act As a Change Agent
Communicate
Solving Learning & Performance Problems

Question 21

Instructional Designers

Answer 21

Individuals trained to apply learning theories, instructional system design models, instructional theories, and design communications to solve learning and performance problems.

Question 22

Essential Competencies for Instructional Designers

Answer 22

People Competencies (Communication, team work, manage)
Technical Competencies (Design processes/models, development tools)
Organizational process competencies (Organizational learning, Change management, Human Resources Development)

Question 23

Problem Based Instruction

Answer 23

A student centered approach in which students learn about a subject by working in groups to solve an open-ended problem (The problem drives the motivation and learning)

Question 24

4 Significant issues with Problem Based Instructions

Answer 24

1. Team Based - opportunity for lack of participation
2. Competency is not practiced frequently - Difficult to develop skill
3. Skills are not automatized for processing
4. Learner spends time researching without sufficient guide or support. Can be an opportunity for duplication of efforts

Question 25

What are the 5 questions that serve to distinguish each learning theory from others?

Answer 25

How does learning occur?
Which factors influence learning?
What is the role of memory?
How does transfer occur?
What types of learning are best explained by this theory?

Question 26

Empiricism

Answer 26

The view that experience is the primary source of knowledge.
People are born with no knowledge and anything learned is gained through interactions with the enviornment.

Question 27

Rationalism

Answer 27

The view that knowledge derives from reason without the aid of senses.
People learn by recalling or “discovering” what already exists in their mind.

Question 28

Define learning

Answer 28

Learning is an enduring change in behavior, or in the capacity to behave in a given fashion, which results from practice or other forms of experience.