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EPHE 344 - Final Exam > Injury Management & Rehabilitation > Flashcards

Injury Management & Rehabilitation Flashcards

1
Q

____ modalities and ____ are important keys in injury management and rehabilitation

A

therapeutic; exercise

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2
Q

MUST know stages of what to be successful in injury management?

A

stages of tissue healing

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3
Q

Sudden inactivity and immobilization can cause general loss of..?

A

fitness, muscle strength, endurance & coordination

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4
Q

During inactivity and immobilization, RHR increases by how much?

A

1/2 a beat for each day of immobilization

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5
Q

“what should the joint be able to do, and trying to get back to that ROM”

A

osteokinematics

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6
Q

All injuries are associated with some loss of ROM that can be attributed to…?

A

contracture of CT, or MTU resistance to stretch, or both

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7
Q

During muscular strengthening, you must work through a full, pain free ROM. You can use what 3 techniques?

A
  1. isometrics
  2. progressive resistance exercise (PRE)
  3. isokinetics
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8
Q

When should isometrics be used?

A

when resistance training through full ROM is contraindicated

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9
Q

Isometrics increase ___ strength, decrease ____, and increase muscle ____

A

static; atrophy; pump

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10
Q

isometrics help manage ____

A

swelling

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11
Q

During PRE, eccentric contractions facilitate concentric contractions for ______

A

plyometrics

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12
Q

strength deficits/inability to tolerate eccentric forces can ____ inury

A

precipitate

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13
Q

“constant speed with accommodating resistance to provide maximal resistance throughout full ROM”

A

isokinetics

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14
Q

when should isokinetics be used?

A

later phase of rehab

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15
Q

isokinetic machines are measured in units of what?

A

degrees per second

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16
Q

“regaining the ability to follow some previously established sensory pattern” - How is this done?

A

neuromuscular control and balance work; done through repetitive motion until it becomes automatic

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17
Q

The ability to sense joint position in space is mediated by _______ in muscle and joints

A

mechanoreceptors

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18
Q

What are the four key elements of neuromuscular control and balance?

A
  1. proprioception and kinesthetic awareness
  2. dynamic stability
  3. preparatory and reactive muscle characteristics
  4. conscious and unconscious functional and motor patterns
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19
Q

“integration of muscular forces, neuromuscular sensory information from mechanoreceptors & biomedical feedback”

A

balance

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20
Q

What is the optimal functional progression?

A

allows for opportunity for practice of every skill that is required for the sport

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21
Q

Rehabilitation Plan Phase 1 (acute inflammatory stage) may last how long? What is the primary focus? What should you avoid?

A
  • up to 4 days
  • being able to control swelling and modulate pain
  • overly aggressive during first 48 hrs
22
Q

by day 3-4 of the acute inflammatory stage, what should you be working on?

A

active ROM exercises in pain-free ROM while continuing NSAIDs for swelling and inflammation

23
Q

when does a post-surgical exercise phase begin post surgery?

A

24 hours

24
Q

\rehab plan, phase 2 (fibroblastic repair), can last for up to how long? What is critical in this phase?

A

several weeks; swelling and pain control is critical

25
Q

during phase 2 (fibroblastic repair), what should be added in?

A

CV fitness, strengthening, flexibility and neuromuscular activities should be gradually added in

26
Q

Phase 3 (maturation and remodeling) may last how long? What is the ultimate goal, and what two types of training should you use to help achieve it?

A

Several years; return to activity and sport specific skills; dynamic functional and plyometric training

27
Q

______ = successful rehab

A

compliance

28
Q

7 steps to enhancing patient compliance?

A
  1. Athletic therapist’s attitude / relationship with the patient
  2. Clear instructions – verbal & written
  3. Encouragement & positive reinforcement = commitment
  4. Creativity & variation – keeps athlete interested & motivated
  5. Support from coach and peers of the rehabilitation process
  6. Fit athlete’s schedule
  7. Pain free
29
Q

3 thermal modalities?

A

conduction
conversion
radiation

30
Q

“heat transferred from a warmer object to a cooler one”

A

conduction

31
Q

To avoid tissue damage while using conduction, the temperature should never exceed ___°C & should not be in contact with skin longer than ___ minutes

A

47; 30

32
Q

“indirect heating through another medium such as air or fluids”

A

conversion

33
Q

during conversion, what three things will impact healing?

A

temperature, speed of movement, and conductivity

34
Q

“Heat is transferred from one object through space to another object”

A

radiation

35
Q

Tiger balm or A535 are considered what type of modality?

A

Thermal (conversion specifically)

36
Q

Why does cold penetrate deeper and last longer?

A

due to fat insulation

37
Q

C (Cold) : __-__ minutes;
B/A (Burning/Aching) : __-__ minutes;
N (Numb – really need to watch this stage because people can start to freeze): __-__ minutes

A

0-3
2-7
5-12

38
Q

4 types of cryotherapy?

A

ice massage (5-10 min)
immersion (10-15 min)
ice packs (15-20 min)
vapocoolant sprays

39
Q

physiological effects of thermotherapy depend on what 4 things?

A

Type of heat
Intensity
Duration of application
Tissue response

40
Q

Desirable therapeutic effects of thermotherapy are: increasing extensibility of ____ tissues, decreasing joint ____, reducing ___, relieving muscle ____, reducing _____, edema & exudate in post-acute phase, increase blood ___

A

collagen; stiffness; pain; spasm; inflammation; flow

41
Q

____ ___ directly increases subcutaneous temperature and indirectly spreads to deeper tissue

A

superficial heat

42
Q

superficial heat should be applied at a constant heat level for __-__ minutes

A

20-30

43
Q

Special considerations with superficial heat use: Never apply heat when there is loss of _____, immediately after ____ when there is decreased ____ _____, directly to ___ or ___, to the abdomen during _____,
or to a part of the body that exhibits ____ _____.

A

sensation; injury; arterial circulation; eyes or genitals; pregnancy; acute inflammation

44
Q

What type of heat is more tolerable at high temperatures?

A

dry heat

45
Q

Physiological responses of massage? (5)

A
  • increased circulation
  • removal of metabolites
  • overcoming venostasis
  • relaxation
  • stimulation
46
Q

4 types of massage strokes?

A
  1. effleurage
  2. petrissage
  3. tapotement
  4. friction
47
Q

“stroking style”

A

effleurage massage

48
Q

“kneading”

A

petrissage massage

49
Q

“cupping, hacking, jostling”

A

tapotement massage

50
Q

“muscle runs vertically and you rub horizontally”

A

friction massage

51
Q

strokes toward the heart enhance ______ and _____ drainage

A

lymphatic and venous

EPHE 344 - Final Exam (5 decks)

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