Inflammaging

Question 1

Autoimmunity

Answer 1

Increase with age but not diseases. Antibody a lot. Like RF

Lost of Thymis, lowered T cell count less CD4 T cell, less naive T cell.
But periphery T reg increase, suppress immune response, lend to less autoimmune chronic inflammatory diseases.
E.g. mS peaks in 50s, Lupus peaks in pre menopausal women.
Except giant cell arteritis

Question 2

Giant cell arteritis

Answer 2

Inflammation of the blood vessels especially in head. Swelling, constructed blood vessels reduced flow.

Only for 50s and above.

Question 3

Il6 c reactive protein and ageing

Answer 3

Crop increase with age. May increase mortality.

Question 4

Il 6 in atherosclerosis

Answer 4

Deficient have atherosclerosis

But if block in humans, will actually elevate circulation levels.

Question 5

Cancer

Answer 5

Environment- toxins, diet, sunlight uv
Epigenetic DNA methylation
Declining immunosurveillance.
- transplant recipient increased risk. Skin cancer 300x fold because immunosuppressive. Treg stop response.

Tumour suppression - mostly T cell mediated. If my and perform, cytotoxic T cells that lyse. AdCC NK cells.
If older less T cells to suppress cancer.

Breast cancer declines in women over 80.

Carcinogens - hpv hiv

Question 6

T cell changes

Macrophage changes

Answer 6

Less phagocytosis 
Less ifny stimulation
Less mhc ii expression
Less il6 and tnf expression so less inflammatory 
Less ros 
Less antigen presenting
Increased anti inflammatory il 10.

Question 7

Reactivation

Answer 7

Tuberculosis patent

Herpes viruses - chickenpox to shingles.