India Flashcards
India’s First Civilization
1st civilization began near the Indus River
Today this region is known as Pakistan
Harappa and Mohenjo Daro
the Land of India
Himalayas: the highest mountain range in the world
Monsoon: strong wind that blows one direction in winter and the opposite direction in summer
Harappan collapses
Harappan civilization collapsed
Several earthquakes and floods damaged
Group of people called the Aryans began settling in the region
The Aryans Bring Change
Cattle were sacred and not used as food
Brought a new language to India
Sanskrit: written language
Raja: a prince who ran their own small kingdoms
Society in Ancient India
Caste System: social groups that someone is born into and cannot leave it also dictates what job you will have whom you can marry and with whom you can socialize
Role of Men and Woman
Arranged marriages
Suttee: When a man from a prominent family died, his wife was expected to keep to leap into the flames. If, the wife resisted, it was a shame
Hinduism
One of the oldest religions in the world it is the third largest
Early Hinduism
Hinduism has thousands of gods and goddesses as different parts of one universal spirit
Brahman- the universal spirit
Karma
Reincarnation: idea of passing through many lives to reach Brahman
Karma: the consequences of how a person lives
Prince Siddharta Gautama
He decided to find out why people suffered how they can be cured of suffering
Lived like a hermit
Decided to meditate for as long as it took to get the answer became known as the Buddha
What is Buddhism
Nirvana:If a person gave up all desires, he or she would reach not a place, but a state of wisdom
the Four Noble Truths: 1.Life is full of suffering 2. People suffer because they desire worldly things and self-satisfaction 3. The way to end suffering is to stop desiring things 4. The only way to stop desiring is to follow the Eightfold Path
Eightfold Path:1. Know and understand the Four Noble Truths 2. Give up worldly things and don’t harm others 3. Tell the truth, don’t gossip, and don’s speak badly of others 4. Don’t commit evil acts, like killing, stealing, or living an unclean life 5. Do rewarding work 6. Work for good and oppose evil 7. Make sure your mind keeps your senses under control 8. Practice meditation as a way of understanding reality 1. Know and understand the Four Noble Truths 2. Give up worldly things and don’t harm others
Therevada Bhudism
“Teachings of Elders”
Sees the Buddha as a great teacher, not a god
Mahayana Buddhism
Teaches that the Buddha is a god who came to save people
If they worship the Buddha, people will go to a heaven after they die in this world
Lamas
Tibet’s traditional religion with Hinduism
The Buddhist leaders were called lamas
Dalai Lama: headed the government
Both considered reincarnation of the Buddha
Ahimsa Impact Today
Mohandas Ghandi: Indian political and spiritual leader led peaceful protests
He was killed on Jan. 30th,1948
Martin Luther King Jr. led civil rights protests
