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Pathology I > Important Info 2.0 > Flashcards

Important Info 2.0 Flashcards

1
Q

The term that refers to the mechanism by which a disease develops is

A

pathogenesis

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2
Q

A 62year old female has a 0.5cm calcified lesion of her left breast, involving the upper outer quadrant. A biopsyof this lesion idenified the presence of breast cancer.What type of disease is this?

Neoplasic disease
Infecious disease
Developmental disease
Immune disease
Metabolic disease

A

Neoplasic disease

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3
Q

In one sentence, provide an example of an infecious disease:

A

infecious mononucleosis

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4
Q

A patient exhibits a unilateral lesion composed of blood vessels (a vascular nevus or “birthmark”) involving the skin of the distribu#on of the 3rd branch of the trigeminal nerve that was present at birth.
What type of disease is this?

Neoplasic disease
Developmental disease
Infectious disease
Immune disease
Metabolic disease

A

Developmental disease

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5
Q

A patient requires injections of insulin to maintain serum glucose within the appropriate range.
What type of disease is this?

Immune disease
Developmental disease
Metabolic disease
Neoplastic disease
Infectious disease

A

Metabolic disease

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6
Q

List one condition that illustrates of each type of immune reaction:
1. Type I
2. Type II
3. Type III
4. Type IV

A
  1. Anaphylactic Shock, hay fever, asthma
  2. Autoimmune Thrombocytopenic purpura, Goodpasture syndrome, mysathenia gravis, Grave’s disease
  3. Erythema Multiforme, systemic lupus erythematous, reactive arthritis, glomerulonephritis
  4. Contact Mucositis or contact dermatitis
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7
Q

_______________ are recognition molecules that allow the immune system to recognize self from non-self

A

MHC’s

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8
Q

Antibodies are produced by which cell?

-T lymphocyte
-B lymphocyte
-Neutrophil
-Mast cell

A

B lymphocyte

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9
Q

T lymphocytes leave the ________ and populate the lymph nodes.

-Thyroid gland
-Bone marrow
-Germinal centers
-Thymus
-Bursa

A

Thymus

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10
Q

This antibody is the only antibody that crosses the placenta:

A

IgG

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11
Q

This antibody is a secretory antibody found in tears, saliva, respiratory, and GI secretions:

A

IgA

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12
Q

All of the following are autoimmune diseases except:

-Sjogren syndrome
-Autoimmune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP)
-Systemic lupus erythematosus
-Bruton’s hypogammaglobulinemia
-Graves disease

A

Bruton’s hypogammaglobulinemia

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13
Q

All of the following are immune deficiency diseases except:

-Brutons agammaglobulinemia
-Agranulocytosis (neutropenia)
-Chronic granulomatous disease of childhood
-Sjogren syndrome
- Leukocyte adhesion deficiency

A

Sjogren syndrome

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14
Q

____________ recognize MHC class I/peptide complexes, whereas ____________ recognize MHC class II/peptidecomplexes

A

CD8+ Cytotoxic T-cells
CD4+ Helper T-cells

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15
Q

Second exposure to an antigen causes massive mast cell degranulation resulting in systemic anaphylaxis. This is an example of:

A

Type I immune injury disease

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16
Q

Circulating immune complexes filter out in small vessels and activate the complement cascade. C5a attracts neutrophils which cause local damaging inflammation of surrounding tissue. This is an example of:

A

Type III immune injury disease

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17
Q

You develop a positive reaction to an intracutaneous injection of purified protein derivative (PPD) (Mantouxtest/Tuberculin test) and are identified as a PPD converter. This is an example of:

A

Type IV immune injury disease

18
Q

Please use all lowercase letters and the correct spelling when answering the following question. In the correct order, list the seven cellular events of acute inflammation?

A

Step 1 margination
Step 2 rolling
Step 3 adhesion
Step 4 diapedesis
Step 5 chemotaxis
Step 6 phagocytosis
Step 7 killing

19
Q

Name two periapical pathosis that can present as a periapical radiolucency associated with a non-vital tooth.

A

periapical abscess
periapical granuloma
periapical cyst

20
Q

Name two dental anomaly that can result from a congenital syphilis infection.

A

Mulberry molars
Hutchinson’s incisors

21
Q

Pure hypertrophy can be seen in what two tissue types ______.

A

cardiac muscle
skeletal muscle

22
Q

What immune deficiency is caused by having a pronounced decrease in the number of neutrophils?

A

agranulocytosis
cyclic neutropenia

23
Q

What specific term is applied to a superficial fungal infection that affects the corners of the mouth?

A

angular cheilitis
perlache

24
Q

Identify the inflammatory cell at the tip of the arrows.

A

plasma cell

25
Q

Identify the inflammatory cell at the tip of the arrows.

A

neutrophil

26
Q

What viral induced disease can present with enlargement of the salivary glands?

A

mumps
acute viral parotitis
infectious parotitis

27
Q

Replacement of one mature cell type for another mature cell type is known as ______.

A

metaplasia

28
Q

Regeneration of the liver occurs via ______.

A

hyperplasia

29
Q

An increase in the overall size of tissue due to an increase in the number of cells occurs via ______.

A

hyperplasia

30
Q

Nuclear changes that occurs in necrosis that results in nuclear fragmentation is referred to as______

A

karyorrhexis

31
Q

What disease results from an infection by the human herpes virus type 4 and can present as petechiahemorrhage of the palate?

A

infectious mononucleosis

32
Q

What is the name of the infectious oral lesion in primary syphilis?

A

chancre

33
Q

What type of necrosis is seen in tuberculosis?

A
  • caseous necrosis
  • caseous
34
Q

Sulfur granules are specifically associated with which type of bacterial infection?

A

actinomycosis

35
Q

What non-infectious systemic disease histology is charactertion?

A

sarcoidosis

36
Q

What terminology is used to denote inflammation of the salivary gland?

A

sialadenitis

37
Q

What terminology is used to denote inflammation of the tongue mucosa?

A

glossitis

38
Q

What terminology is used to denote inflammation of the bone marrow?

A

osteomyelitis

39
Q

A 25-year-old man presents to the oral surgery clinic for extrac#on of non-restorable tooth #15 with divergent and dilacerated roots. When the patient returned the following week to have his sutures removed, this O.5 cm yellowish ulcerative lesion surrounded by an erythematous halo located on the left soft palate was noted. On palpation, this lesion was not indurated and did not have rolled borders. The patient did not present with any other signs or symptoms. What is the appropriate clinical diagnosis?

-aphthous stomatitis
-recurrent herpetic infection
-primary herpetic gingivostomatitis
-herpes zoster

A

aphthous stomatitis

40
Q

Which of the following is required for wound healing?

A

vitamin C

41
Q

Which of the following conditions may result from an irreversible pulpitis?

-pyogenic granuloma
-chronic granulomatous disease of childhood
-periapical granuloma
-granulomatous inflammation

A

periapical granuloma

42
Q

An infection associated with the pulp of the right permanent maxillary canine may
lead to

-osteomyelitis of the mandible
-chronic hyperplastic pulpitis
-cavernous sinus thrombosis
-Ludwig’s angina

A

cavernous sinus thrombosis

Pathology I (11 decks)

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