Important equations

Question 1

what is the equation for FADH2

Answer 1

FAD + 2H+ + 2e- <—->. FADH2

Question 2

What is the equation for NAD+

Answer 2

NADH + H+ + 1/2O2. <—–> NADH+ + H2O

Question 3

What can NAD+ in the oxidised state do

Answer 3

accept electrons

Question 4

how many products and enzymes are in the citric acid cycle

Answer 4

8

Question 5

what are the 8 products

Answer 5

Citrate
Isocitrate
Alpha Ketoglutarate
Succinyl C0A
Succinate
Fumerate
Malate
Oxaloacetate

Question 6

what is the equation for the oxidative stage

Answer 6

Glucose-6-phosphate + 2NADP + H2O –> Ribulose-5-phosphate + 2NADPH + CO2 + 2H+

Question 7

what is the equation for the non-oxidative stage

Answer 7

Ribulose-5-phosphate –> 2 fructose 6 phosphate + glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Question 8

what is the equation for gluconeogenesis

Answer 8

2pyruvate + 2NADH + 4ATP + 2GTP + 6H2O + 2H+ –> Glucose + 2NAD+ + 4ADP + 2GDP + 6Pi

Question 9

what is the equation for glycolysis

Answer 9

Glucose + 2ADP + 2NAD+ + 2Pi –> 2Pyruvate + 2ATP + 2NADH + 2H+ + 2H2O

Question 10

what does the brain use as fuel

Answer 10

glucose and ketone bodies in starvation e.g acetoacetate

Question 11

what does the muscle use as fuel

Answer 11

glucose and fatty acid under resting condition and lactate comes out in response and goes to the liver

Question 12

what is the overview of the cellular respiration production of energy

Answer 12

glycolysis (glucose) –> glucose-6-phosphate –> (can go off to the PPP) —> citric acid cycle –> electron transport chain

Question 14

how does PPP relate to glycolysis

Answer 14

they run parallel

PPP –> Glycolysis —> Glycogen metabolism
pyruvate
acetate <— acetyl CoA
TCA Cycle