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2 - BOD > Immunity > Flashcards

Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

IL-1

A

Activates NF𝜅B/AP1 (transcription factors)

Proinflammatory, endogenous pyrogen

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2
Q

IL-6

A

Pro-inflammatory, acute phase protein response, endogenous pyrogen

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3
Q

IL-12

A

Stimulates T/NK cells

Increases IFNɣ/TNFα production, cytotoxicity and TH1 response

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4
Q

TNFα

A

Activates NF𝜅B/AP1 (transcription factors)
Acute phase protein response, endogenous pyrogen
Involved in spetic shock

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5
Q

CXCL8 (IL-8)

A

Chemokine: attracts neutrophils/other cells

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6
Q

Complement activation

A

Alternative: spontaneous - iC3Bb convertase
Lectin: MBL/MASP-1/2, MBL binds mannose, C4b2a formed by MASP-2 cleavage
Classical: C1 (C1q/r/s), C1q binds Fc/CRP, C4b2a formed by C1s cleavage

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7
Q

C3a/C5a

A

Anaphylatoxins: stimulate mast cell degranulation

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8
Q

C3b/C4b/C5b

A

Opsins: enhance phagocytosis

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9
Q

MAC

A

C3bBb + C3b → (C3b)(C3b)Bb cleaves C5 → C5b
C5b complexes with C6, C7, C8 which recruits C9 monomers to form MAC
MAC and perforin similar molecules
C3b opsonisation more important (except in some infections eg gonorrhoea and Neisseria meningitis)

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10
Q

Properdin

A

Stabilises C3bBb on microbial surfaces

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11
Q

Factor H

A

Binds C3b, recruits factor I which cleaves into iC3b

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12
Q

Decay accelerating factor

A

Causes Bb to dissociate from C3bBb

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13
Q

Membrane cofactor protein

A

Causes Bb to dissociate from C3bBb and recruits factor I

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14
Q

CD59

A

Binds assembling MAC and prevents C9 recruitment

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15
Q

MHC binding pocket

A

Class I: closed ends 8-9 a.a.

Class II: open ends 13-25 a.a.

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16
Q

TAP

A

Peptide pump found in MHC locus (allows co-regulation) which pumps peptides into the ER for MHC class I loading

17
Q

Invariant chain

A

Binds MHC class II in ER to prevent self-peptides binding, cleaved in endosome to CLIP before being removed completely

18
Q

CD40

A

Crosslinking stimulates isotype switching and B-cell activation without co-stimulation (and promotes survival)

19
Q

Co-stimulation

A

CD40L (T-cell) - CD40 (APC)
CD28 (T-cell) - B7 (APC)
Results in IL-2 secretion: autocrine proliferative signal

20
Q

TH1-response

A

Stimulated and produce IFNɣ/IL-12 (IL-12 secreted by macrophages)
Inhibited by IL-4 (macrophages by IL-10)
Proinflammatory, intracellular infections
Cellular response (macrophage activation etc)

21
Q

TH2-response

A

Stimulated by IL-4 (from mast cells)
Production of IL-10 (inhibits macrophages), IL-4, 5, 13
Promotes humoral response and repair
Defence against helminths

22
Q

TH17-response

A

Enhanced neutrophils, IL-17 (also activate fibroblasts/epithelial cells to secrete chemokines)

2 - BOD (5 decks)

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