Immunisation Flashcards
vaccines teach the _______ system to recognise ________ and _______ before the individual encounters them as potential _________, so allowing the body to _____ against the pathogens
Vaccines teach the immune system to recognise bacteria and viruses before the individual encounters them as potential pathogens, so allowing the body to fight against the pathogens
name the 3 types of immunity
active
passive
herd
passive immunity is the ________ of pre-formed __________ (immunoglobulins)
passive immunity is the TRANSFER of pre-formed ANTIBODIES (immunoglobulins)
name the 2 cases that passive immunity occurs
- mother to unborn baby
2. from another person or animal
give an example of a passive immunity human immunoglobulin
Hep B
name the 2 types of vaccines
- live attenuate virus vaccines - measles and mumps and flu etc
- inactivate vaccines - pertussis and tetanus etc
name some contraindications to vaccination
confirmed anaphylaxis immunosuppressed pregnant egg or latex allergy acute/evolving illness
herd immunity:
protect _____________ individuals, through having sufficiently _____ proportion of population __________
herd immunity:
protect UNVACCINATED individuals, through having sufficiently LARGE proportion of population VACCINATED
what does R0 stand for in herd immunity?
basic reproduction number
what colour is the book used for the Scottish immunisation programme?
green
The Green Book
what are the phases to how new vaccines are investigated?
phase I - safe?
phase II - dose?
phase III - effacious?
phase IV - surveiilance
what colour card scheme is used in phase IV of immunisations?
yellow card scheme - passive reporting
what is the main challenge to the Scottish immunisation programme?
vaccine hesitancy
how is meningococcal disease spread?
respiratory droplets
diphtheria is also known as what colour of throat?
white throat
