Identifying and analysing genes

Question 1

2 ways of data mining the genomic sequence

Answer 1

1. Use gene prediction software

2. Use your computer to translate the DNA- use BLAST

Question 2

What is a DNA microarray?

Answer 2

Each position in the grid- one cDNA/DNA probe

Question 3

2 examples of genetic engineering in mice

Answer 3

1. Gene replacement

2. Gene knockout

Question 4

What is the positive and negative control in gene KOs?

Answer 4

Positive control- Neo

Negative control- TK

Question 5

Which generation of mice will be homozygous mutant animals?

Answer 5

3rd generation

Question 6

What does forward genetics involve?

Answer 6

Using mutagenesis to create random mutations- then identify the gene that underlies the resulting phenotype

Question 7

What does a complementation test do?

Answer 7

Tests whether the mutations in 2 strains are in different genes

Question 8

What does a linkage analysis do?

Answer 8

Tests if 2 genes are linked- tendency of genes to be inherited together because of their location

Question 9

What are SNPS?

Answer 9

Genetic variation between individuals

Question 10

How do mutations affect gene function?

Answer 10

1. Changes in regulatory sequences
2. Changes in non-coding sequences
3. Changes in the coding sequence

Question 11

What are the types of mutation?

Answer 11

1. Amorphic- complete loss of function
2. Hypomorphic- decrease in wildtype function
3. Antimorphic- mutant proteins interfere with wild type proteins
4. Hypermorphic- overexpression of the T.factor/ over activity of gene product