Ib bio 9.3

Question 1

What is the three types of plant tissues?

Answer 1

Dermal tissue (outer covering)
-epidermis
-protects against environment
-potential pathogens
-water loss
Ground tissue (thin walled cells)
-functions related to storage
-photosynthesis
-support
-secretion
Vascular tissue (xylem+phloem)
-used for transport+support

Question 2

What are maristematic tissue?

Answer 2

• small clusters of undifferentiated cells that can specialize into other types of plant tissues

Question 3

What are the two types of maristematic types?

Answer 3

-apical maristem
-lateral maristem

Question 4

What is a apical maristem?

Answer 4

-occur tips of roots and stems
-responsible for primary growth (up and down)
-plant grow taller and roots extend
-results in soft tissue (non woody stems, roots)

Question 5

What is a lateral maristem?

Answer 5

-occurs in roots and stems
-responsible for secondary growth (diameter/ thicker)
-2 types
Vascular cambium
-produces more vascular bundles
Cork cambium
-occurs in bark
-produces cork cells

Question 6

What is the significance of determinate growth vs indeterminate growth?

Answer 6

indeterminate- plants (growth continues)
Determinate- humans/ animals (growth stops after certain size)

Question 7

Describe the 3 lifecycles

Answer 7

Annuals: complete lifecycle in one year+die
Biennials: complete lifecycle in two years+die
Perennials: live for many years and complete lifecycle only die due to environmental factors=

Question 8

Micropropagation

Answer 8

-invlolves using cells from shoot apex to produce more plants
-a way to help preserve population endangered plants

Question 9

What is a developing bud?

Answer 9

Maristametic tissue that will develop into a new shoot of flower

Question 10

4 factors in plant growth

Answer 10

-environmental (day length pr/pfr)
-receptors
-genetics
-hormones

Question 11

What are the roles of auxins?

Answer 11

-a hormone
-can initiate growths of roots
-

Question 12

Most abundant type of auxin and what does it do?

Answer 12

-IAA (indole-3-acetic)
-controls growth shoot in the apex (tip of root)
-promotes elongation of cells

Question 13

What is a plant tropism

Answer 13

-directional response to external stimuli

Question 14

Phototropism

Answer 14

-response to light
-will grow towards brightest source of light

Question 15

What kind of tropism occurs when there is no light and what happens?

Answer 15

-gravitropism
-stems grow opposite direction of gravity (upwards and downwards creating a pull)