Hypovolaemic Shock

Question 1

What is non progressive shock as opposed to progressive shock?

Answer 1

• Non progressive shock results in fluid levels being maintained.
• in progressive shock this doesnt happen

Question 2

How is hypovoleamic shock picked up?

Answer 2

By a drop in systolic BP

Question 3

What are the fast mechanisms to fight hypovolaemic shock (three)

Answer 3

1. Arterioles constrict
2. Blood diverted away from peripheries
3. RR and HR increase

Question 4

What are the intermediate mechanisms to fight hypovolaemic shock?

Answer 4

1. ADH
2. Renin
3. GI tract increases absorption

Question 5

What happens if this doesnt work and what are the four consequences?

Answer 5

Progressive shock:

1. Cardiac depression so CO falls and this is a cycle as low CO means lower oxygen to the heart
2. Oedema as cardiac output falls so less venous pressure (oedema and heart failure)
3. Lactic acidosis - less O2 to cells so lactic acid builds up which again causes cardiac depression
4. Sick cell syndrome - Lactic acid increases osmolality so cells expand causing damage