Hypothesis Testing and Categorical Inference I

Question 1

Null Hypothesis (Ho) & Alternative Hypothesis (Ha)

Answer 1

Ho: there’s no special relationship (default hypothesis)
Ha: there’s a relationship, an effect!

Question 2

How can we reject or fail to reject the null? Ex. Can we say with confidence that people do worse than random chance (Ha), or is this within a range one would expect from sampling variation(Ho)?

Answer 2

We can check this by constructing a confidence interval!

Question 3

In hypothesis testing, we either reject the null or fail to reject the null, we never

Answer 3

accept the null

Question 4

Type 1 Error

Answer 4

rejecting the No when the No = T

Question 5

Type 2 Error

Answer 5

Failing to reject No when No = F

Question 6

P-value

Answer 6

the probability of observing the sample data (or something more extreme) under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true.

Question 7

If p-value < a you

Answer 7

reject the null hypothesis

Question 8

if pvalue > or = to a you

Answer 8

fail to reject the null hypothesis