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ZOOLOGY > Human Reproduction > Flashcards

Human Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

insemination

A

transfer of sperm into female genital track

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2
Q

Impalntation

A

development of blastocyst and its attachment to uterine walls

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3
Q

gestation

A

embryonic development

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4
Q

parturition

A

delivery of the baby

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5
Q

order of sexual reproduction

A 
gametogenesis
insemination
fertilization
implantation
gestation
parturition
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6
Q

scrotum is connected to what by what

A

scrotum is connected to abdominal/pelvic cavity by Inguinal canal

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7
Q

supermatic chord

A

supermatic artery + veins + nerves + connective tissue

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8
Q

testis overview

IMPORTANT

A

length 4 to 5 cm
width 2 to 3 cm
3 layers: Tunica vaginalis, Tunica albuginea, Tunica vascula
250 components,testicular lobules
each lobule has 1 to 3 semiferous tubules, where sperms are produced
2 types: male germ, sertoli cell
male germ: meitotic div and gives sperm
sertoli cells: nutritions
Interstitial spaces, outside of semiferous tubulrs has small blood vessels and Interstitial cell/LEYDIG cells
Ledig produces Androgen hormones

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9
Q

sperms are produced in

A

seminiferous tubules

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10
Q

2 function of testis

A

production of sperm, male sex organ

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11
Q

3 layers of testis

A

Tunica vaginalis, Tunica albuginea, Tunica vascula

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12
Q

male accessory ducts

A

rete testis, vasa efferentia, epididymis, vas deferens

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13
Q

external opening in penis

A

urethral meatus

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14
Q

flow of male sperm from seminiferous tubules

A

semineferous tubules gives rise to vasa efferinta thru rete testis, which gives rise to epididymis( present in posterior testis)to vas deferens which ascends to abdominal cavity and loops over urinary bladder
It reseives a duct from seminal vesical which forms ejaculatory duct

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15
Q

epididymis differentiates into and uses

A

10-12 vas efferentia
Caput , Corpus, Cauda
stores sperm and secretes fluid to nourish them

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16
Q

Penis

A

both reproductive organ and urinary duct
Has 3 cylindrical masses of erectile tissue: 2 dorsal corpora cavernosa and 1 ventral Corpus spongiosm
surrounded by fibrous tissue
corpus spongila has penile urethra
gland penis has loose fold of skin,Foreskin or PREPUCE

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17
Q

seminal vesicle

A

ducts from here join VD to form ejaculatory
60-70% of semen
7.4 alkaline nutrelizes actdity of utreus
has FRUSTOSE( energy for sperm)
PROSTOGLANDIS (stimulate contractions so sperm e=reach oviduct)
CLOTTING PROTIENS (Coagulation of semen after ejaculation)

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18
Q

prostate gland

A

large, chestnut, surrounds urethra
20-30% semen
produces alkaline milky fluid
Citric acid enzyme

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19
Q

bilbourenthral gland

A

aka cowpers gland
paired pea sized
mucus, alkaline fluid

20
Q

semen

A 
colection of secretio from accessory gland and sperm
200-300  million
7.35 to 7.50[PH?] 
60% good shape
40% motile
21
Q

cryptochidism

A

failure of testicles to desend into scrotum

22
Q

Sertoli cell aka

A

Nurse cell

Sustentacular cell

23
Q

Sertoli 5 funct

A 
Nourishment to spermatozoa
Regulates spermatogenesis by INHIBIN (checks FSH over activity)
Absorbs shred part of spermatozoa
Produces AMF prevent Dev of oviduct
Releases androgen binding protein
Forms Blood-testis barrier
24
Q

Seminal plasma

A

Prostate + seminal vesicles + Cowper’s gland

25
Q

impotent

A

inability to penis eretile

med: VGR50

26
Q

Inflammation of prostate

A

Prostatitis

27
Q

on which day of normal mestrual cycle of 28 days does ovulation occur in a human female

A

14th days

28
Q

testosteron is produced by

A

LH stimulating interstitial cells to release testosteroe

29
Q

gonadotropin hormon e GmRH released by and stimulates

A

by hypothalamus stimulates pitutary gland to give LH And FHS

30
Q

first cell to become haploid in spermatogenisis

A

secondary spermocyta

till primary spermatocyta its 2n

31
Q

ingunal hernia

A

intestinal untrution

32
Q

hydrocele

A

enlargment of testes due to liquid

33
Q

male urethra parts

A

prostatic, membranous, spongy (penile)

34
Q

cremaster muscles forms what

and its role

A

cremaster muscle and connective tissue form spermatic cord and surrounds all the strucuture passing thru inguinal cannal.
crematic muscle and dortos muscle present in scortal sac helps in the possitionaing of testes
when out temp is low, the contract and move closer to testes, vv

35
Q

gubernaculum

A

a fibrous wall from testes to scortal wall
it pulls the testes through the abdomen,
as it first grows then sinks

36
Q

in certain mamals testes lies IN the abdomen but stil dosent cause defect, eg

A

eg: aquatic mamals. Prototherians/egg laying mamals like Ornithorhynchus (platypus), elephant

37
Q

mullarian duct aka and uses

A

paramesonephric ducts are paired ducts of embryo
in female they form fallopian tube, uterus, cervix. in male they degenerate
made of mesodermal tissue

38
Q

wolffian duct aka

A

archinephric duct, leydig duct, mesonephric duct, nephric duct

39
Q

wolffian boy

A

Is a paired organ found during embryognesis

it connects primitive kidney to cloaca(opening of urinary track) it dev into trigone of urinary baldder

40
Q

neck of the penis

A

tysons gland/preputial gland is present, it secretes a white substance called smegma, microbial infection here cause inirritation due to inflamation

41
Q

Human sperm was first seen by

A

Hamm and leeuwenhoek

42
Q

in ascaris sperms

A

non flagellated amoeboid sperms

43
Q

speed of sperm

A

1.5 to 3 mm/min within 30 min

44
Q

spirmation

A

spermatozoa are released from sertoli into cavity of semiferous tubules

45
Q

FREE PASS

A

:)

Cause why not?

46
Q

female reproductive system consist of

A 
ovaries
oviduct
uterus
cervix
vagina
external geitalia
mammary gland
47
Q

ovaries

full

A

almond shape
produces ova and female sex hormones, estrogen, progestrone
2-4 cm length,1.5 width, 1cm thick
connected to pelvic wall by ligaments
attached to lower abdominal cavitybthrough mesovarian within the folds of peritonium called broad liagment
structure:

ZOOLOGY (5 decks)

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