Human nutrients

Question 1

What are essential and non essential aminoacids?

Answer 1

Essential:
Isoleucine
Valine
Phenylalanine

Non-essential:
Alanine
Syrine

Question 2

What causes malnutrition?

Answer 2

Undernutrition
Overnutrition
Imbalance

Question 3

Outline the causes and treatment of phenylketonuria.

Answer 3

• genetic condition, autosomal recessive
• gene mutation - phenylalanine hydroxylase is not produced
• excess phenylalanine cannot be converted to tyrosine
• excess converted to phenylketone
• accumulates in blood and urine
• leads to brain damage, retardation
• strict, low-protein diet with milk formula without phenylalanine

Question 4

Essential fatty acids

Answer 4

Omega -3 and omega -6
Cis -unsaturated - HDL (from the body to the liver)
Saturated, trans-unsaturated - LDL (from the liver to the body)
Access LDL accumulates in the arteries causing arterosclerosis (hardening)
- The accumulation of fat within the arterial wall leads to the development of plaques which restrict body flow
If coronary arteries become blocked —} stroke or heart attack

Question 5

Vitamin C function
Defficiency

Answer 5

Synthesis of collagen & immunity function
Lack of vitamin C is
Scurvy - dental issues, fatigue, bruising