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the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter > How to Weather in the Computer Era > Flashcards

How to Weather in the Computer Era Flashcards

1
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Nil Turbulence

(Nil means none)

Line through circle slants left

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2
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Nil Icing

(Nil means none)

Line through circle slants right

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3
Q
A

PIREP Reporting less than Light Turbulence

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4
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Light Turbulence

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5
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Light to Moderate Turbulence

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6
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Moderate Turbulence

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7
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Moderate to Severe Turbulence

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8
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Severe Turbulence

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9
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Extreme Turbulence

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10
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Trace Icing

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11
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Trace to Light Icing

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12
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Light Icing

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13
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Light to Moderate Icing

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14
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Moderate Icing

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15
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Moderate to Severe Icing

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16
Q
A

PIREP Reporting Severe Icing

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17
Q
A

Convective SIGMET Area

Also depicts cloud top heights

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18
Q
A

Icing SIGMET area

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19
Q
A

IFR SIGMET Area

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20
Q
A

Tropical Cyclone SIGMET Area

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21
Q
A

Tornado Warning Area

Depicted only on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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22
Q
A

Thunderstorm SIGMET Area

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23
Q
A

Turbulence SIGMET Area

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24
Q
A

Ice Storm Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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25
Q
A

Lake Effect Snow Warning Area

(Primarily on and around the Great Lakes)

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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26
Q
A

Severe Thunderstorm Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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27
Q
A

Storm Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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28
Q
A

Volcanic Ash SIGMET Area

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29
Q
A

Blizzard Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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30
Q
A

Gale Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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31
Q
A

High Wind Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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32
Q
A

Winter Storm Warning Area

Only depicted on Graphical Forecast for Aviation (GFA) charts.

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33
Q

What is the wind speed and direction? (Up is North)

A

0 knots sustained

20 knot gusts

From the North (Stick indicates direction the wind is from)

Red barbs (lines) or half barbs indicate gust

Add all black flags and barbs then red flags and barbs to get total gust

Circle around the station indicates calm winds

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34
Q

What is the wind speed and direction? (Up is North)

A

45 knots

From the West (Stick indicates direction the wind is from)

Full barbs (lines) indicate 10 knots

Half barbs (lines) indicate 5 knots

Add all together to get total wind speed

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35
Q

What is the wind speed and direction? (Up is North)

A

80 knots

From the west (Stick indicates direction the wind is from)

A flag (Triangle) indicates 50 knots

A full barb (Line) indicates 10 knots

Add together for total wind speed

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36
Q

What is the wind speed and direction? (Up is North)

A

100 knots

From the West (Stick indicates direction the wind is from)

A Flag (Triangle) indicates 50 knots of wind

Add together for total wind speed

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37
Q

What is the Wind Speed and Direction? (Up is North)

A

Wind speed: 10 knots gusting to 20 knots

Direction: From the Northeast

Barbs (lines) always point in direction wind is coming from.

Black barbs are sustained winds while red barbs are the gusts.

Full barbs indicate 10 knots

Add black barbs together for total wind speed then add red barbs for total gusts.

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38
Q

What is the Temperature and Dew Point?

A

Temperature: 62 degrees Fahrenheit

Dew Point: 34 degrees Fahrenheit

Top left number is temperature, bottom left number is Dew Point.

Always in Fahrenheit.

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39
Q

What is the Cloud Cover and Flight Category?

A

Cloud Cover: Skies Clear

Flight Category: VFR

Fill of center circle indicates cloud cover in eighths (0/8 sky coverage, here). Color of center circle indicates flight category.

40
Q

What is the Ground Visibility?

A

10 Statute Miles

Center left number is the reported visibility in Statute Miles (SM).

41
Q

What is the Pressure?

A

29.76 “Hg

Top right number reports pressure. First number is removed and will be a 2 or 3, whichever will bring it closer to 30.00 “Hg.

42
Q

What is the Cloud Cover?

A

Cloud Cover: Missing

Cloud cover information is missing/not reported.

43
Q

What is the Present Weather?

A

Haze

Present weather is reported between the Temperature and Dew Point. The “infinity” symbol between the Temperature and Dew point means Haze.

44
Q

What is the Present Weather?

A

Heavy Rain

Present weather is reported between the temperature and dewpoint.

45
Q
A

Heavy Drizzle

+DZ

46
Q
A

Heavy Rain

+RA

47
Q
A

Heavy Snow

+SN

48
Q
A

Heavy Sandstorm

+SS

49
Q
A

Heavy Thunderstorm with Hail

+TSGR

50
Q
A

Heavy Thunderstorm with Rain

+TSRA

51
Q
A

Patchy Fog

BCFG

52
Q
A

Blowing Dust/Blowing Sand

BLDU BLSA

53
Q
A

Blowing Snow

BLSN

Arrows are pointing right and up

54
Q
A

Drifting Snow

DRSN

Arrows point right and down

55
Q
A

Dust Devil

PO

56
Q
A

Dust or Sand

DU SA

57
Q
A

Moderate Drizzle

DZ

58
Q
A

Light Drizzle

-DZ

59
Q
A

Light Drizzle and Rain

-DZRA

60
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Drizzle and Rain

DZRA

61
Q
A

Funnel Cloud or Tornado

FC +FC

62
Q
A

Fog

FG

Sky Undiscernable

63
Q
A

Smoke

FU

64
Q
A

Light Freezing Drizzle

-FZDZ

65
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Freezing Drizzle

FZDZ

66
Q
A

Freezing Fog

FZFG

67
Q
A

Light Freezing Rain

-FZRA

68
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Freezing Rain

FZRA

69
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Showers with Hail

GR

70
Q
A

Light Showers with Hail

-GR

71
Q
A

Haze

HZ

72
Q
A

Ice Crystals

IC

73
Q
A

More or less continuous Shallow Fog

MIFG

74
Q
A

Mist or Shallow Fog

BR

75
Q
A

Ice Pellets

PL*

*AWC lists the METAR Code as PE PL, Aviation Weather Services (AC 00-45G) lists it simply as PL.

76
Q
A

Fog

PRFG

Sky Discernable

77
Q
A

Moderate Rain

78
Q
A

Light Rain

79
Q
A

Light Rain and Snow

80
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Rain and Snow

81
Q
A

Snow Grains

SG

82
Q
A

Light Rain Showers

-SHRA

83
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Rain Showers

SHRA +SHRA

84
Q
A

Light Rain and Snow Showers

-SHRASN

85
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Rain and Snow Showers

SHRASN +SHRASN

86
Q
A

Light Snow Showers

-SHSN

87
Q
A

Moderate to Heavy Snow Showers

SHSN +SHSN

88
Q
A

Moderate Snow

SN

89
Q
A

Light Snow

-SN

90
Q
A

Squalls

SQ

91
Q
A

Sandstorms

SS

92
Q
A

Light to Moderate Thunderstorm with Hail

TSGR

93
Q

What is a G-AIRMET?

A

A graphical advisory of weather that may be hazardous to aircraft but are less severe than SIGMETS

Only valid at specific times/snapshots

94
Q

What time periods does a single G-AIRMET publishment have forecasts for?

A

Discrete times 3 hr apart for a period of up to 12 hr into the future (00, 03, 06, and 09 hr into the future)

…this would consist of one G-Airmet issuance

95
Q

When are G-AIRMETS issued?

A

0300, 0900, 1500, and 2100Z (with updates issued as necessary)

…each of these updates consists of time blocks that shows the forecast for every 3 hrs into the future (I.e. so the 0300 forecast would have estimates for 3,6,9, and 12 hr into the future from 0300)

the Sierra Corporations Annual Newsletter (35 decks)

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