Homework Due 31/01/19

Question 1

What are the five kingdoms?

Answer 1

1. Animals
2. Plants
3. Prokaryotes
4. Protists
5. Fungi

Question 2

What are the three domains?

Answer 2

1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Eukarya

Question 3

Why is it essential to complete a course of antibiotics if prescribed by the doctor?

Answer 3

If there are still bacteria left they can spread / reproduce and become resistant to that antibiotic

Question 4

How did Darwin propose the theory of evolution?

Try and put it into five steps.

Answer 4

1. Genetic Variation within a population
2. Competition within that population
3. Survival of the fittest
4. Survivors reproduce and pass on that survival gene
5. Characteristics of this survival gene increase in the population over time

Question 5

What might humans have used stone tools for?

Answer 5

To break open things and for cutting the flesh of animals that they have hunted

Question 6

What is the skull volume for Homo sapiens?

Answer 6

1450 cm cubed

Question 7

What are the key facts of Homo habilis?

Answer 7

They were quite short
Had long arms
And they walked upright

Question 8

How do the words “breed” and “variety” differ?

Answer 8

Breed: ANIMAL TYPE

Variety: PLANT TYPE

Question 9

What are the 4 steps of genetic engineering?

Answer 9

1. Cut out a desired gene using the restriction enzyme
2. Cut open plasmid to leave Complementary “sticky ends” to the gene
3. Join gene to plasmid using the ligase enzyme
4. Insert plasmid back into bacteria and reproduce many times — extract gene products

Question 10

Name two risks of selective breeding.

Answer 10

1. There is a possibility that selective breeding will lead to a gene mutation
2. Selective breeding could get rid of any characteristics that might be useful in the future

Question 11

Name two advantages of genetic engineering.

Answer 11

1. Genetic engineering can cause specific traits to be developed
2. It can create and/or extend a life of an organism

Question 12

True or false?

1. “Antibiotics treat antibacterial infections”
2. “Once you feel better you can stop taking antibiotics even if there are tablets left”
3. “Doctors can give you a broad combination of antibiotics to treat infections as well as just a specific antibiotic”

Answer 12

1. TRUE
2. FALSE
3. TRUE

Question 13

When was the species Ardipithdcus ramidus alive?

Answer 13

4.4 million years ago

Question 14

What species, upon discovery of its fossils, was given the name of “Lucy” ?
Give facts about it.

Answer 14

Australopithecus afarensis

3.9 - 3.0 million years ago
With a skull volume of 400 cm cubed

“Lucy” was about 1.07m tall, probably walked upright, and had toe bones a bit like humans’ today but more curved

Question 15

The Indian Peafowl has the name Pavo cristatus. Complete the following:

Genus:

Species:

Answer 15

Genus: Pavo

Species: P. Cristatus