homeostasis and response

Question 1

What is the ‘male’ hormone and its function?

Answer 1

Testosterone- produced in testes - triggers secondary sec characteristics and stimulates spermicide production

Question 2

What is the ‘female’ hormone and its function?

Answer 2

Oestrogen - made in ovaries - triggers secondary sex characteristics and is involved in menstrual cycle

Question 3

What four hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?

Answer 3

FSH
LH
Oestrogen
Progesterone

Question 4

What is the menstrual cycle?

Answer 4

A sequence of events that happens about every 28days.

Question 5

When does the menstrual cycle start?

Answer 5

During puberty when eggs are matured

Question 6

What does FSH do?

Answer 6

Produced in pituitary gland
Causes eggs to mature
Stimulates ovaries to produce oestrogen

Question 7

What does oestrogen do?

Answer 7

Produced in the ovaries
Causes the uterus lining to grow
Stimulates the release of LH and inhibits FSH

Question 8

What does LH do?

Answer 8

Produced in pituitary gland
Stimulates release of an egg

Question 9

What does progesterone do?

Answer 9

Produced by ovaries
Maintains the uterus lining
Inhibits the release of LH and FSH

Question 10

What is a detailed description of stage 1 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 10

The uterus lining breaks down for four days

Question 11

Outline the 4 stages of the menstrual cycle.

Answer 11

Stage 1 - menstruation starts
Stage 2 - uterus lining builds up
Stage 3 - egg develops and releases
Stage 4 - uterus wall is maintained

Question 12

What is a detailed description of stage 2 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 12

From day 4 to 14 FSH matures an egg and stimulates oestrogen to build the uterus lining back up

Question 13

What is a detailed description of stage 3 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 13

At around day 14 oestrogen inhibits the release of FSH an stimulates the release of LH which releases the egg

Question 14

What is a detailed description of stage 4 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 14

From around day 14 to 28 the uterus lining is maintained by progesterone, if the egg isn’t fertilised by day 28 progesterone levels fall and the process begins again

Question 15

What are the two types of contraception?

Answer 15

Hormonal and non- normal methods

Question 16

Describe some non-hormonal methods of contraception.

Answer 16

No hormonal methods or barrier methods stop sperm reaching the egg.
- condoms cover the penis to prevent sperm entering the vagina - only form of contraceptive that protects against stis
- diaphragm fits over the cervix and is covered with spermicide
- Spermicide can be used alone but it isn’t effective

Question 17

Describe hormonal methods of contraception.

Answer 17

the pill contains oestrogen and progesterone - stops egg maturing and creates thick mucus to prevent egg reaching uterus
patch - contains oestrogen and progesterone - lasts for 1 week
implant - lasts for three years. Contains progesterone
iud - copper kill sperm and progesterone

Question 18

What hormones are used in normal contraceptives?

Answer 18

Oestrogen - if taken daily stops eggs maturing
Progesterone - stimulates thick mucus production that prevents sperm reaching the egg

Question 19

What hormones are used to increase fertility?

Answer 19

FSH and LH can be given to stimulate ovulation.

Question 20

What could be the reason women can’t get pregnant?

Answer 20

Low FSH levels - no eggs maturing - no eggs released

Question 21

What does IVF stand for?

Answer 21

In Vitro Fertilisation

Question 22

what is homeostasis

Answer 22

The regulation of internal conditions to maintain optimum conditions for enzyme action and cell function.