HIV Flashcards
1
Q
How is HIV spread?
A
Sexual transmission Injection drug Blood production Vertical Organ transplant
2
Q
What does HIV do to the immune system?
A
Destroys T-helper cells (CD4+)
3
Q
What is the natural history of HIV?
A
CD4 declines and viral load increases
Normal CD4 = >500
AIDS at <200
Acute infection = asymptomatic = HIV related illness = AIDS defining illness = Death
4
Q
What are some opportunistic infections with HIV?
A
Thrush Skin changes PJP Tb Cryptococcal meningitis
5
Q
What is primary HIV?
A
2-4w post exposure
Flu like, fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy and toxic exathema
6
Q
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia and HIV?
A
Late stage
Opportunistic
Dry cough and increasing breathlessness
CXR + bronchoscopy
T = cotrimoxazole and pentamidine
7
Q
What is HIV treatment?
A
3 in 1 pill (cART)
- Reverse transcriptase
- Integrase inhibitor
- Protease inhibitor
For life
8
Q
Why do HIV treatments fail?
A
Poor adherence leads to mutation and resistance
9
Q
What are the side effects of HIV treatment?
A
lipodystrophy
