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Charlottes Cards > History Revison > Flashcards

History Revison Flashcards

1
Q

Which country did America defeat to win the South West in 1848

A

Mexico

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2
Q

How did Mountain men encourage future travellers to go west?

A

Told stories, developed trails, drew maps, had articles written about them etc

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3
Q

Name one way the Donner Party and other pioneers encouraged further development

A

Letters back to the east, stories covered in Dime novels, newspapers and journals

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4
Q

What was the Perpetual Emigrating Fund?

A

All expenses paid journey for new recruits to the Mormon religion

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5
Q

In what year did California become a state as a result of the Gold Rush immigration?

A

1850

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6
Q

Why were the Sioux nomadic?

A

followed the buffalo

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7
Q

Why did the Sioux practise polygamy?

A

Distinct gender roles (e.g. men hunted) meant that women and children of dead braves/warriors would be looked after

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8
Q

Why did the Sioux scalp their enemies?

A

As trophies from battle, but mainly to ensure that their enemies soul escaped and did not go into the afterlife

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9
Q

Did the Sioux own land?

A

No, they believed that the land and all of the world’s creatures belong to the Great Spirit

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10
Q

How did a chief get his position?

A

Chosen by the council, elders, warrior society and medicine men for bravery and wisdom. Not inherited (from their father) or elected

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11
Q

What was the Bureau of Indian Affairs?

A

A government department with agents sent to learn about the Sioux and help make decisions regarding how to deal with the Indians

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12
Q

What did the Indian Removal Act of 1830 set up?

A

A ‘Permanent Indian Frontier’ in the western part of America (past the Mississippi). Removed Indians from the fertile farming lands of the south-east to the harsh western plains

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13
Q

Name TWO terms of the first Fort Laramie treaty

A

Sioux promised not to attack settlers on the trails to California and allowed the building of roads and forts and the US Government promised to protect Sioux hunting areas and pay the Sioux an annual subsidy (money).

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14
Q

Why did the government want settlement on the Great Plains? (two reasons)

A

Unify America (especially after the start of the Civil War between the North and South), defeat the Sioux, deal with overcrowding (immigration) and high land prices in the eastern states

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15
Q

How did the government pay the Railroad builders (Union Pacific and Central Pacific)?

A

Government grants after 40 miles of track built and 12,000 acres of land for every 1 mile of track built. (Companies could then sell land to settlers).

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16
Q

Which railroad company had to deal with Sioux attacks

A

Union Pacific (from the east to the west across the Plains)

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17
Q

The first Sioux war is known as the Cheyenne War, 1863-67. What caused it?

A

Some Cheyenne Sioux refused to live on reservations and attacked railroad, settlers, miners, ranchers etc

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18
Q

What were the terms of the Second Fort Laramie Treaty, 1868? (name 3)

A

The government withdrew soldiers from the forts (and the Sioux burned them down), the Great Sioux Reservation was created, no non-Indians were allowed to enter this land

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19
Q

Name two results of the Mountain Meadow Massacre

A

1858 - Mormons were pardoned and US Army stationed in Utah. Bad publicity for the Mormons. Mormons struggled to convince USA to let Utah join as a state. Did not join until 1896 and had to ban polygamy

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20
Q

The 1850 Compromise allowed California to join as a free state, but in exchange for what?

A

The Fugitive Slave Act meant that Northern states must return any escaped slaves to the south

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21
Q

What was the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act and how did it contribute to the war?

A

The US government decided to let new states such as Kansas and Nebraska vote on whether they wanted to be slave or free. This caused tension between the north and the south as each side sent in supporters to ‘convince’ people to vote one way or the other. There was even fighting

22
Q

Give 3 reasons why the southern economy was more badly affected than the north.

A

The south was agricultural, when men went off to fight plantations failed and profits were lost. The north had a navy and blocked trade to the south, this caused inflation and food shortages. The north had the benefit of factories and the US government treasury whereas the south struggled for funding, especially as they were unable to trade their cotton and tobacco due to the disruptions of war and the north had railroads, whereas what the south had were destroyed by northern troops

23
Q

At the Potsdam Conference of 1945 Korea was divided into two. What was the dividing line?

A

38th Parallel

24
Q

The RoK was formed in South Korea in 1948. What does RoK stand for? Bonus: Was it capitalist or communist?

A

Republic of Korea
Capitalist

25
Q

The DPRK was formed in North Korea in 1948. What does DPRK stand for? Bonus: Was it capitalist or communist?

A

Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea
Communist

26
Q

What was the Truman Doctrine

A

US policy to contain communism and stop it from spreading

27
Q

Who was the leader of DPRK after it was set up in 1949?

A

Kim II Sung

28
Q

Who was the leader of the RoK after it was set up in August 1948

A

Syngman Rhee

29
Q

How did the absence of the USSR allow the USA to persuade the UN to get involved in Korea

A

The USSR couldn’t veto UN involvement

30
Q

September 1950 the UN forces had pushed the DPRK troops back to the Chinese border. What river marks that border

A

Yalu River

31
Q

What happened to General MacArthur in April 1951?

A

Truman Sacked him

32
Q

What agreement was signed in 1954 which split Vietnam in half along the 17th parallel?

A

Geneva Agreement

33
Q

Who was put in place to rule the Republic of South Vietnam?

A

Diem

34
Q

What three reasons were there for why diem/ he was disliked?

A

Harsh to peasants, treated Buddhists badly and corrupt

35
Q

What organisation was set up in 1960 to fight against the corrupt government of the south?

A

Viet Cong

36
Q

What was the name of the bombing campaign that started in February 1965?

A

Operation Rolling Thunder

37
Q

What was the name of the village which witnessed the massacre of 400 people in March 1968?

A

My Lai

38
Q

What was the name of the Viet Cong attack on 100 targets in January 1968?

A

Tet Offensive

39
Q

Which CBS journalist reported after this attack that “Vietnam is an unwinnable war”

A

Walter Cronkite

40
Q

Which president replaced LBJ in January, 1969?

A

Richard Nixon

41
Q

What was his policy of removing US troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese troops called?

A

Vietnamisation

42
Q

What was the 1972 Viet Cong attack on the South called?

A

Spring Offensive

43
Q

Which two countries did Nixon visit in 1972 in a bid to put pressure of North Vietnam to end the war?

A

The USSR and China

44
Q

Which country did the USA invade in March 1969

A

Cambodia

45
Q

What was the name given to the operation to invade Laos in February 1971

A

Operation Lam Son 719

46
Q

Which famous boxer burnt his draft card?

A

Muhammad Ali

47
Q

What was the name of the scandal which ended in Nixon’s resignation?

A

Watergate

48
Q

Which two men had secret meetings for three years between 1969 and 1972?

A

Kissinger and Tho

49
Q

Why did the North feel confident enough to break the Paris Accords and attack the South in 1975?

A

US Congress would not allow Ford to commit anymore money to Vietnam

50
Q

What was the codename of the US evacuation of South Vietnam?

A

Operation Frequent Wind

Charlottes Cards (1 decks)

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