History final Flashcards
What idea of Eli Whitney transformed manufacturing by making each copy of a
manufactured item exactly alike?
Interchangeable parts
A person who put the interests of his or her state or region ahead of what was best for the rest of the nation was demonstrating what attitude?
sectionalism
Name the four ways the South was changed by the invention of the cotton gin?
The planting of cotton moved westward
Cotton exports increased
Native Americans were driven off land for cotton growing
Still required much labor so slavery still strong
Why were most of the nation’s early factories located in New England?
Rivers for power source, ships and the ocean for transportation, willing labor force.
What group of Americans sought religious freedom in the West?
Mormons
How did the gold rush affect the population of Native Americans in California?
They died from disease or were hunted down
Which phrase did Americans use to explain the movement westward from coast-to-coast?
Manifest Destiny
How were educational opportunities limited for African Americans in the 1800s?
Illegal to teach them t o read, barred from public education and only a few colleges accepted a limited number
For what reason is Harriet Tubman famous?
Freeing slaves using the underground railroad.
What were the main reasons for Europeans to come to the United Stales (aka the push-pull factors)?
:Pull
Freedom
economic activity
abundant land
\:Push Population growth Agricultural changes Crop Failures Industrial Revolution Religious and Political turmoil
Why were Sojourner Truth and Frederick Douglass effective abolitionist speakers?
They spoke from their own experience of slavery.
What did the women working in Lowell Mills form in 1836 to seek better working conditions?
In 1845, Sarah Bagely formed the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association to petition to Massachusetts for a Ten-Hour work day, but failed.
What did Horace Mann call “the great equalizer”?
education
How did some brave people help slaves escape to freedom through a system of houses and barns?
The underground railroad
What movement did many Americans, especially women, join to defeat alcohol abuse?
Temperance Movement
From which country did immigrants come after potato crop failures in the 1840s?
Ireland
The belief that the people living in a region should decide key issues is called what?
popular sovereignty
Another name for the movement to end slavery is called what?
Abolition
Who captured the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry?
John Brown
Which bill settled the controversy over slavery in California and in the rest of the Mexican Cession?
The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the group of laws referred to as the “Compromise of 1850.”
Whose lawsuit to gain freedom was denied in a landmark Supreme Court decision?
Dred Scott was the famous slave who sued to gain his freedom and was denied by the US Supreme Court
Who did the Northern Democrats nominate to be president in 1860?
Stephen A. Douglas
Whom did the Confederate States of America select as president after seceding from the Union?
Jefferson Davis
What were the Confederate States of America?
A government set up on February 8, 1861, by six of the sevensouthernslave states that had declared theirsecession from the United States.
