History final

Question 1

What idea of Eli Whitney transformed manufacturing by making each copy of a
manufactured item exactly alike?

Answer 1

Interchangeable parts

Question 2

A person who put the interests of his or her state or region ahead of what was best for the rest of the nation was demonstrating what attitude?

Answer 2

sectionalism

Question 3

Name the four ways the South was changed by the invention of the cotton gin?

Answer 3

The planting of cotton moved westward

Cotton exports increased

Native Americans were driven off land for cotton growing

Still required much labor so slavery still strong

Question 4

Why were most of the nation’s early factories located in New England?

Answer 4

Rivers for power source, ships and the ocean for transportation, willing labor force.

Question 5

What group of Americans sought religious freedom in the West?

Answer 5

Mormons

Question 6

How did the gold rush affect the population of Native Americans in California?

Answer 6

They died from disease or were hunted down

Question 7

Which phrase did Americans use to explain the movement westward from coast-to-coast?

Answer 7

Manifest Destiny

Question 8

How were educational opportunities limited for African Americans in the 1800s?

Answer 8

Illegal to teach them t o read, barred from public education and only a few colleges accepted a limited number

Question 9

For what reason is Harriet Tubman famous?

Answer 9

Freeing slaves using the underground railroad.

Question 10

What were the main reasons for Europeans to come to the United Stales (aka the push-pull factors)?

Answer 10

:Pull
Freedom
economic activity
abundant land

\:Push
Population growth
Agricultural changes
Crop Failures
Industrial Revolution
Religious and Political turmoil

Question 11

Why were Sojourner Truth and Frederick Douglass effective abolitionist speakers?

Answer 11

They spoke from their own experience of slavery.

Question 12

What did the women working in Lowell Mills form in 1836 to seek better working conditions?

Answer 12

In 1845, Sarah Bagely formed the Lowell Female Labor Reform Association to petition to Massachusetts for a Ten-Hour work day, but failed.

Question 13

What did Horace Mann call “the great equalizer”?

Answer 13

education

Question 14

How did some brave people help slaves escape to freedom through a system of houses and barns?

Answer 14

The underground railroad

Question 15

What movement did many Americans, especially women, join to defeat alcohol abuse?

Answer 15

Temperance Movement

Question 16

From which country did immigrants come after potato crop failures in the 1840s?

Answer 16

Ireland

Question 17

The belief that the people living in a region should decide key issues is called what?

Answer 17

popular sovereignty

Question 18

Another name for the movement to end slavery is called what?

Answer 18

Abolition

Question 19

Who captured the U.S. arsenal at Harpers Ferry?

Answer 19

John Brown

Question 20

Which bill settled the controversy over slavery in California and in the rest of the Mexican Cession?

Answer 20

The Fugitive Slave Act was part of the group of laws referred to as the “Compromise of 1850.”

Question 21

Whose lawsuit to gain freedom was denied in a landmark Supreme Court decision?

Answer 21

Dred Scott was the famous slave who sued to gain his freedom and was denied by the US Supreme Court

Question 22

Who did the Northern Democrats nominate to be president in 1860?

Answer 22

Stephen A. Douglas

Question 23

Whom did the Confederate States of America select as president after seceding from the Union?

Answer 23

Jefferson Davis

Question 24

What were the Confederate States of America?

Answer 24

A government set up on February 8, 1861, by six of the sevensouthernslave states that had declared theirsecession from the United States.

Question 25

What event triggered (first battle of Civil War) the lighting between the North and the South?

Answer 25

When John Brown raided Harpers Ferry in 1859, he set in motion events that led directly to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861

Question 26

What advances in technology made the Civil War much deadlier than earlier American wars?

Answer 26

Rifles with minie’ balls and Iron Clads

Question 27

What was the Northern strategy for winning the Civil War?

Answer 27

Penetrate deep into the south and take over the rivers and ports.

Question 28

What advantage did the North have over the South in the Civil War?

Answer 28

The North had great advantages in manpower, material, and organization. It had more than twice the population of the South, and many more factories to produce war supplies. The U.S. government had been functioning well for many decades, Name the five “border stales· in the Civil War?
Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, Missouri, and West Virginia.

Question 29

Which battle resulted in the bloodiest day in all of American history, with neither side
having” gained any ground?

Answer 29

The Battle of Antietam

Question 30

What killed most men during the Civil War?

Answer 30

Disease

Question 31

Which/what was an ironclad?

Answer 31

A steam-propelled warship fitted with plates of iron armor.

Question 32

What event triggered (first battle of Civil War) the lighting between the North and the South?

Answer 32

When John Brown raided Harpers Ferry in 1859, he set in motion events that led directly to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861

Question 33

What strange occurrence led to the Battle of Gettysburg?

Answer 33

The confederates wanted to buy shoes in Gettysburg.

Question 34

What is meant by the statement the William Tecumseh Sherman “March to the Sea” where he waged total war?

Answer 34

He attacked the civilian infrastructure of the Confederacy, to starve the South, including their armies.

Question 35

What was the 54th Massachusetts Regiment?

Answer 35

The first military unit consisting of black soldiers to be raised in the North during the Civil War.