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History Final Flashcards

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1
Q

Why did President Franklin Roosevelt create the Office of War Mobilization?

A

To centralize agencies dealing with war production.

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2
Q

How did government seek to guarantee profits for businesses engaged in war production?

A

By establishing “cost-plus” system for military contacts.

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3
Q

Provide and example of deficit spending during WWII

A

Using borrowed money to finance war production

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4
Q

What prevented Americans from spending the high wages they earned in wartime jobs?

A

There was a shortage of consumer items.

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5
Q

What was the overriding goal of the Office of War Information?

A

To boost morale and patriotism.

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6
Q

Describe the demographics of women who went to work

A

All ages, ethnicity

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7
Q

Describe the effect that the war had on racial conditions inthe US

A

highlighted the injustice of racism in the country

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8
Q

Describe the conditions African Americans faced in the North during the war

A

Discrimination in employment, housing, and education.

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9
Q

What led the government to evacuate Japanese Americans from the West Coast

A

Long-Led prejudice and fears inflamed by Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor

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10
Q

Disagreements over which issue worsened post war relations between the US and Soviet Union

A

Future of Poland

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11
Q

What is a satellite nation?

A

Nation dominated by the Soviet Union

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12
Q

What did Truman promise in the Truman Doctrine

A

To support nations trying to resist Soviet Control

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13
Q

How did the Soviet Union react to the Marshall Plan?

A

They refused to participate

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14
Q

What was the Berlin Airlift?

A

President Truman’s response to Soviet blockade of West Berlin.

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15
Q

What did the Soviet Union do in response to the formation of NATO?

A

Created the Warsaw Pact

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16
Q

Members of the HUAC charged numerous Hollywood figures with what offense

A

Being sympathetic to communist ideas.

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17
Q

What was the outcome of the Korean War?

A

Korea remained divided at almost exactly the same place at the beginning of the war.

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18
Q

What was an effect of business expansion after WWII?

A

A shift in the work force blue to white collar.

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19
Q

What was one long lasting effect of the major highway building projects of the 1950’s?

A

Less reliance on the public transportation system

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20
Q

What did the beatniks promote

A

Spontaneity over conformity

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21
Q

What happened in the US when the Soviets launched Sputnik

A

It caused congress to increase spending to teaching math and science.

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22
Q

what effect did conglomerates and the franchise system have on the American economy in the 1950’s?

A

Eliminate thousands of service oriented white collared jobs.

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23
Q

What major effect did the transistor have on technology

A

Reduced the size of electronic appliances.

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24
Q

What roles were most women expected to fulfill

A

full time house makers.

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25
Q

Why did Congress pass the Taft Hartley Act

A

To restrict labor strikes that threatened national interest.

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26
Q

What did the Supreme Court rule in Brown vs. Board of Education

A

Segregation was to longer permeable in public schools.

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27
Q

Why did PResident Eisenhower place the Arkansas National Guard under federal command?

A

To integrate central High School.

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28
Q

How did Eisenhowers domestic policy reflect that of his Republican predecessors Coolidge and Hoover

A

He favored big buisness

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29
Q

What role did Rosa Parks play in the struggle for equal rights

A

She helped the Montgomery bus boycott.

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30
Q

Double V Campaign

A

Effor for victory against axis powers and victory in winning racial equality at home.

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31
Q

Internment Camps

A

A camp to which Japanese Americans were forcibly sent during WWII

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32
Q

Liberty Ships

A

A large study merchant ship built during WWII

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33
Q

Rosie the Riverter

A

Fictional woman encoraged women to join the workforce.,

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34
Q

Victory Garden

A

A home garden created to boost food production during WWII

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35
Q

War bond

A

Government savings bond sold to raise money for war.

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36
Q

Douglas MAc Aurthur

A

US general during Great Depression, WWIII, and Korean War forced by Truman to resign.

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37
Q

Geroge C. Marshall

A

Army Chief of staff during WWII and secretary of state under Truman.

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38
Q

Winston Churchill

A

Leader of Great Britian before and during WWII

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39
Q

Julis and Ethel Rosenberg

A

Husband and wife convicted and excuted in 1953 for passing secrets to soviet union.

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40
Q

Fidel Castro

A

Revoloutionary leader took control of Cuba.

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41
Q

What was the state of the economy in 1960?

A

Sluggish

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42
Q

3 goals of New Frontier

A

Improve economy, give aid to the poor, space program

43
Q

describe Kennedys domestic policy

A

Rarely succeeded in pushing legislation through congress.

44
Q

what did the Waren Commission decide about the Kennedy assassination?

A

Kennedy was killed by one man who worked a lone

45
Q

What goal did Kennedy comit NASA to?

A

Send a man on the moon within the decade

46
Q

Warren Commission declared that Kennedy assassination was the work of whom?

A

A lone assassion

47
Q

What effect did Supreme Court decisions on apportionment bring about

A

Electoral districts had to be redrawn based on “one person, one vote”

48
Q

Why did Kennedy ask for a huge increase in military spending?

A

He wanted to compete with the Soviet Union.

49
Q

What brought the US and Soviet to brink of nuclear war?

A

Cuban Missile Crisis

50
Q

Describe the major guiding principle behind the foreign policies of Kennedy and Johnson

A

To stop the spread of communism

51
Q

What did several of the important decisions of the supreme court under Chief Justice Earl Warren focus on?

A

To protect the constitutional rights of citizens accused of crime.

52
Q

What did critics of the Great Society complain about?

A

It gave the government too much authority.

53
Q

How did the National Urban League help African Americans?

A

Helping newcomers to find homes and jobs in larger cities.

54
Q

In what way was SCLC and CORE alike?

A

Both promoted nonviolent protest.

55
Q

What state did Freedom Riders encounter violent resistance

A

Alabama

56
Q

What was the highlight of the March on Washington

A

Martin Luther King’s “I Have A Dream”

57
Q

What was the goal of the Selma March?

A

TO get voting rights legislation passed

58
Q

Result of the civil rights movement

A

Thousands of African Americans could vote for the first time.

59
Q

To achieve victory in the struggle for civil rights MLK encouraged what?

A

Nonviolent protest

60
Q

What did Participants in the 1963 March on Washington hope to accomplish

A

Convince Congress to pass civil rights legislation

61
Q

What happened after Congress passed the Voting Rights Act?

A

Many African Americans were elected to office at all levels

62
Q

What did the black power movement teach African Americans

A

To separate from white society and lead own communities.

63
Q

In what ways did the civil rights movement help the women s movement of 1960’s?

A

It inspired women and provided them with a model.

64
Q

What was a main goal of the NOW

A

to gain equal job opporunites for women.

65
Q

What tactic did the UFW use in the fight for higher wages and improved working conditions?

A

They organized consumer boycotts.

66
Q

Which issue was a top priority for Japanese American activists after WWII

A

Compensation for losses during internment.

67
Q

How did the demands of Native American activist differ from those of other minority groups?

A

Native Americans wanted autonomy over their lands.

68
Q

What was a direct result o the publication of Silent Spring

A

Restrictions on the use of chemical pesticides.

69
Q

What was the chief goal of the NRC

A

to ensure that nuclear power plants operated safely.

70
Q

What was Kennedy’s policy in Vietnam?

A

Increase the number of military advisers

71
Q

Why did escalation of the war in Vietnam begin

A

Gulf of Tonkin was passed

72
Q

What did American soldiers fighting in Vietnam have to cope with?

A

Tropical infections and booby traps

73
Q

Describe the purpose of saturation bombing.

A

To destroy roads and bridges

74
Q

How was television instrumental in the US during the war

A

Bring the brutality of war into peoples living room

75
Q

Why did some Americans questioned the fairness of the draft

A

College students could easily avoid the draft

76
Q

What did many conservatives do after Woodstock and Alamont

A

Condemned rejection of traditional morals and values

77
Q

What ended the Vietnam War

A

North Vietnam gained control over all of Vietnam

78
Q

What caused violence to erupt at the Democratic Convention in CHigago

A

Police moved in on demonstraters

79
Q

Who was known for his objectivity and stated that he believed Vietnam would end in a stalemate

A

Walter Cronkite

80
Q

WHat issues did the Poor Peoples campaign focus on

A

Economic issues

81
Q

Why did Hubert Humphrey fail to win total support from the Democratic party?

A

He supported Johnson’s policies in VIetnam

82
Q

What did OPECS embargo on shipping oil to the US result in

A

Higher inflation and another recession at home.

83
Q

What did Nixons “southern strategy” include?

A

Easing guidelines for desegregation

84
Q

What did Nixon do to try to halt the inflation plaguing the country?

A

He imposed a short term freeze on wages, prices, and rents.

85
Q

The Plumbers and the Committee to reelcet the President were formed to accomplish what task?

A

Ensure an overwhelming victory for Nixon

86
Q

WHat was one outcome of the Watergate scandal?

A

Resignation of Nixon

87
Q

What was Nixon’s greatest accomplishment in foreign a fairs?

A

Bringing about a detente with soviet union and china

88
Q

What was one of Ford’s first acts as President

A

Pardon Richard Nixon

89
Q

What was the aim that Congress had in passing the War Powers Act?

A

Limit Presidents powers in sending troops overseas

90
Q

What was a major reason Jimmy Carter won the presidency in 76?

A

Public distrust of the Washington establishment after Watergate.

91
Q

What did President Carter promote as a cornerstone of his foreign policy?

A

Human Rights

92
Q

Why did Iranian students seize the US embassy and take American hostages

A

Because Carter let the shah enter US for medical treatments

93
Q

What happened to deal nuclear energy a sever blow in the US?

A

An accident at 3 Mile Island Penn

94
Q

What was Ford’s Program to overcome stagflation?

A

He tried to restore the public’s confidence in economy through WIN campaign.

95
Q

What final step did Carter take to try to get the US hostages released from Iran?

A

He attempted a commando resuce

96
Q

What effect did the Bakke decision have on affirmative action

A

It signaled the start of a backlash against affirmative action.

97
Q

Why did conservatives criticize the New Deal and Great Society

A

they felt it expanded federal government

98
Q

What was one major role in contributing Reagan’s defeat of Carter?

A

Hostage crisis in Iran

99
Q

Critics charged that Reagan conservative polices lead to what

A

Expanded government regulation

100
Q

During Reagan’s second term what happened to the Us relations with the Soviet Union?

A

They improved

101
Q

What were two major components of Ronald Reagan’s economic plan?

A

Cutting tax and cutting government regulations

102
Q

Describe President Reagan’s policy on military spendiong

A

To protect American interests spending must increase

103
Q

How did the Soviet policies of perestroika and glasnost help bring an end to Cold War

A

They helped cause a fall of communist regimes in Eastern Europe

104
Q

What was a major reason the president George Bush responded forcefully to Iraq’s invasion of Kuwait

A

He wanted to protect the flow of oil to the west

History Final (1 decks)

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