History

Question 1

Aristotle believed that the brain was used for ______

Answer 1

cooling blood

Question 2

______ came up with the pneumatic-ventricular model of the brain, and believed the ventricles in the brain stored and distributed ______

Answer 2

Claudius Galen; animal spirits/psychic pneuma

Question 3

The fluid-mechanical theory suggests the brain works like _____

Answer 3

a machine-like hydraulic pump

Question 4

René Descartes believed all animals have a brain, but only humans have a ______

Answer 4

mind

Question 5

Luigi Galvani showed that brain ventricles were not responsible for muscle movement by ______

Answer 5

causing disembodied frog legs to move with an electrical current

Question 6

______ and _______ discovered that nerves are not hollow tubes, and are more like wires.

Answer 6

Charles Bell; Francois Magendie

Question 7

Dorsal root of the spinal cord is _______, and projects ______ to the brain.

Answer 7

afferent; sensory information

Question 8

Gall was the founder of phrenology, and believed that _______

Answer 8

bumps on the skull were reflective of brain structure

Question 9

_______ used experimental ablation to discover brain function localization.

Answer 9

Jean-Pierre Flourens

Question 10

Paul Broca discovered the area of the brain responsible for _______

Answer 10

speech production

Question 11

The goals of neuroscience are generalization, which is _________, and reduction, which is _________

Answer 11

explaining behavior as a general law; analyzing phenomena by dividing it into smaller units