Hip Problems in Children Flashcards
what is a sign of developmental dysplasia of the hip?
unequal skin folds/leg length
what special clinical tests are done in developmental dysplasia of the hip?
barlow’s and ortolani’s
what is the typical age group for transient synovitis (irritable hip)?
2-10 years old
what are the features of transient synovitis?
acute hip pain + viral infection
what is the commonest cause of hip pain in children?
transient synovitis
what is perthes disease?
degenerative condition affecting the hip joints of children
when does perthes disease typically affect children?
4-8 years old
what is the cause of perthes disease?
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
who is most likely to suffer from perthes disease?
boys
what are the features of perthes disease?
- hip pain develops progressively over a few weeks
- limp
- stiffness
- reduced range of hip movement
what can be seen on x-ray in perthes disease?
early changes:
* widening of joint space
later changes:
* decreased femoral head size/flattening
what is the typical age group for slipper upper femoral epiphysis?
10-15 years old
describe the typical patient to suffer from slipped upper femoral epiphysis
obese children and boys
what is slipped upper femoral epiphysis?
displacement of the femoral head epiphysis poster-inferiorly
what are the features of slipped upper femoral epiphysis?
- knee or distal thigh pain
- loss of internal rotaation of the leg in flexion
- commonly chronic persistent symptoms
what diagnosis is this?
perthes disease
both femoral epiphyses show extensive destruction, the acetabula are deformed
what is the diagnosis?
perthes disease
bilateral disease
what is the diagnosis?
slipped upper femoral epiphysis
left side
what is the diagnosis?
slipped upper femoral epiphysis
left side
